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女员工入职三天即宣布怀孕 盘点各国“隐孕入职”处理方法

2017-09-12 17:02:41   新华网

据中国之声《全球华语广播网》报道,近日,有媒体报道,宁波一家互联网公司的女员工入职三天就宣布怀孕,休完产假后随即提出辞职,在这名女员工怀孕期间照常给她发工资、交社保的公司表示“很受伤”。事情一经报道就在网上引发热议。

“隐孕”已经悄悄成为了一些职业女性的生存策略。尽管《劳动法》规定,在录用职工的时候,除了国家规定的不适合妇女的工种和岗位外,不得以性别为由拒绝录用妇女或者提高对妇女的录用标准。但在现实当中,一些用人单位认为,怀孕女职工太多,必然会影响企业正常工作,在招聘时或签订劳动合同时,便直接要求女职工“N年不准怀孕”,甚至还出现过“女教师排队怀孕”的情况。而从女性角度来讲,怀孕影响入职、加薪、升职,因此会有人在面试时隐瞒婚姻、怀孕的真实状况,即便在入职后怀孕,也不愿意向用人单位透露实情。那么,女性职工客观上在入职后怀孕与主观上“隐孕”是否都受到法律保护呢?

北京岳成律师事务所律师杨保全表示,“有些人可能真的无意就怀孕了,但是后来又决定想要孩子,但是有些人可能是有意的想找一个单位,就是要来这个单位怀孕等,所以说不同人的主观心态是不一样的。但是从法律的角度,并没有去区分那么多,法律上认为怀孕生孩子是一个自然权利,无论是在入职前,入职后,无论是入职了很长时间的怀孕,还是刚入职就怀孕,法律上认为都是员工的一个法定权利。”

现实中,一些用人单位通过各种方式对女性职工是否怀孕进行调查,甚至做出要求或者进行约定。对于这种做法和约定是否符合法律规定,杨保全认为,“在法律上,单位对员工入职前的背景调查,要求是跟员工的工作、跟劳动合同的签订和履行有关系的事项,跟是否怀孕这件事情是没有关系的。虽然在实践当中很多单位都在查,但是会有很多判决最后即便查出来员工有欺瞒行为,也认定单位解除违法呢?因为在法律上单位就没有权利查这件事情,所以查了也无效,不存在“隐婚”、“隐孕”在法律上会被认定为员工违反了纪律或者违反了承诺的这种认定。”

“隐孕”似乎已经成为一些职业女性的生存策略。那么国外会有“隐孕入职”的事情发生吗?用人单位又是如何处理的呢?

  日本:“隐孕入职”压力大 试用期内怀孕员工难被录用

据《全球华语广播网》日本观察员黄学清介绍,在日本,怀孕期间想找到工作可不是一件容易的事情,所以有些出于经济原因等不得不工作的女性会隐瞒怀孕的事实。有一位妈妈说,她“隐孕”找到一份超市的工作,就职以后说刚刚发现怀孕,可能是因为女同事很多的缘故,大家对她非常照顾,还给她各种建议,但是也有人认为她是“隐孕入职”,对她很冷淡。虽然她休了产假,之后还回到工作岗位,但因为大家的关怀和公司的宽容,她反倒为自己“隐孕”的行为感到内心有愧。

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