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生孩子方式到底谁说了算?

2017-09-07 11:51:48   新华网

新华网北京9月7日电(于子茹)备受关注的陕西产妇坠楼身亡事件持续发酵。9月6日,陕西省榆林市卫计局介入调查此事。然而,舆论的争论并没有随之减弱,事件中牵连出的“选择哪种生产方式,决定权到底属于谁”广受热议。

顺产或剖宫产,究竟应该听谁的?

本事件的舆论中,许多人将剖宫产作为一个可供选择的选项,然而事实并非如此。

剖宫产是为解决难产问题而出现的一个医疗措施,但顺产还是剖宫产,实际上并不是一道主观选择题。“目前,国内有不少医院对于剖宫产还是在进行控制的,并非是患者提出就能做。”妇产科专家龚晓明说。

“为了解决困难的分娩,降低并发症的情况下是可以选择剖宫产的”。龚晓明举例,产妇在难产、胎位异常、骨盆异常、胎盘异常、胎儿异常的情况下,可以选择剖宫产。

“有些精神因素造成不能够顺产的,在实际操作中都会适当放宽指征。”南京市妇幼保健院妇产科副主任医师乌兰说。

同时,《侵权责任法》和《医疗机构管理条例》也明文规定,产妇有决定能否手术的权利。“产妇若是完全民事行为能力人,意识清醒的情况下有能力表达自己的意愿,完全可以对自己的民事行为负责,医院只需取得产妇本人签字即可手术。”律师倪娜说。

尽管法律有明确规定,但是关于各大医疗机构的手术性治疗中,签字同意权的配置问题一直存在不同观点的交锋和争论。“患者本人具有一定的决定权,但是她的伤病住院治疗产生一定的费用以及后续康复期间的照护也与家庭成员、近亲属具有不可分割的利益关系,因此,其他的家庭成员也有一定的发言权。”江苏省卫生法学会副会长胡晓翔在接受采访时表示。

龚晓明也指出,在现实生活中,“剖宫产,由家人和医院共同决定的不在少数。”

已取得家属授权,院方就不担责?

针对被普遍质疑的“产妇做手术,为何必须家属签字”,医院也做出解释:产妇签署了《授权书》,授权其丈夫全权负责签署一切相关文书,在她本人未撤回授权且未出现危及生命的紧急情况(产程记录产妇血压、胎心正常)时,未获得被授权人同意,医院无权改变生产方式。

如果现实中遇到这种情况,医院是否担责?

北京大成律师事务所律师李洪奇认为,“院方不能因为孕妇和家属之间签署的《授权委托书》而免责。”

李洪奇指出,《侵权责任法》第五十六条规定,因抢救生命垂危的患者等紧急情况,不能取得患者或者其近亲属意见的,经医疗机构负责人或者授权的负责人批准,可以立即实施相应的医疗措施。“其中‘不能取得患者或者其近亲属意见的’已经涵盖了临床各种可能性,包括家属联系不到、无法到场或者虽在场但拒绝签字。”

而对于“产妇请求”却抵不过家属签字的情况,倪娜认为,这种处置方式不合理。

“现实中,一些医院会担心产妇本人可能在手术中死亡或失去意识,届时签字的效力可能会被质疑,医院出于医患风险考虑,可能会要求家属与产妇共同签字。”倪娜告诉记者。

“但此时,如果发生患者和家属意见不一致的情况,则需尊重产妇本人的意愿,产妇本人自决权是受法律保障的。”倪娜说。

  相关新闻:

榆林一院公布视频截图:产妇坠亡前两次下跪

“产妇跳楼事件”追踪:主治医生被停职配合调查

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