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从“吃不饱”到满负荷——黑龙江危险废物集中处置企业见闻

2017-09-06 16:02:40   中国青年网

新华社哈尔滨9月6日电(记者许正)药厂滞销的过期药品、工厂作业后的废油废渣、实验室产生的废酸废水……让人闻之色变的危险废物若得不到集中妥善处置,无疑会威胁生态环境和群众健康。

记者日前在黑龙江省最大的危险废物集中处置场采访发现,大型危险废物处置企业使用先进工艺不仅能将危险废物“吃干榨净”,而且正在摆脱此前危险废物“吃不饱”状态满负荷运转。

危险废物被封闭运到处置场后,实验人员将采集它们的热值等基础数据,然后由技术部门制定处理方案。黑龙江省危险废物集中处置场总工程师孙小鸥说,危险废物处理方法一般包括焚烧、固化和雾化等,目前企业能处理危险废物40多种,水平居全国中上游。

在处置场焚烧车间内,轰鸣的机器常年“连轴转”让孙小鸥和同事一刻不能放松。据他介绍,焚烧是处置工业废料效果最明显、成本最高的手段之一。处理后的工业废料将被固化、填埋,使其对环境的影响降到最低。

孙小鸥说:“目前黑龙江省90%左右的危险废物都在这里处置,企业已几乎处于满负荷状态。”

而事实上,在十几年前企业成立之初时,其经营状况并不理想。

该企业副总经理李文建说,主要是因为“危险废物收不上来”。除了黑龙江省工矿企业等开工不足等因素外,企业的环保意识也不强。一些企业考虑到成本不愿意将危险废物送到处置场,有的企业甚至铤而走险私自处理。

李文建告诉记者:“这几年,企业主动联系我们处置危险废物的积极性变高了,主要是因为国家加大打击涉危险废物环境违法犯罪力度,尤其在新环保法实施之后,企业若私自倾倒危险废物,将面临高昂的违法成本。”

记者从黑龙江省环保厅了解到,全省去年工业危险废物产生量达57.41万吨,面对日益增长的危险废物处置需求,黑龙江省将在未来几年继续提升处置能力。

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