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时报聚焦第九届金砖国家峰会丨金砖国家金融合作空间巨大

2017-08-31 21:40:55   央广网

金砖国家之间经济各具特点且存在较强互补性,因而金砖国家之间的合作具有广阔的发展空间。尤其是在金融领域加强合作,对金砖国家自身发展和完善全球治理,其意义不可小视。

从过去十年金砖国家之间的金融合作可以得到验证。金砖国家智库最新编写《金砖国家金融合作》报告(以下简称“报告”)指出,十年来,在金融领域,金砖国家分别在国际货币体系改革、政策协调、机制建设、货币合作、开发性金融等领域取得了全方位进展,金砖国家金融合作推动了在经济技术合作与贸易发展中提供多样化的金融服务,从而推动金砖国家之间贸易和投资的便利化。金融取得全方位进展

金融取得全方位进展

金融取得全方位进展表现如下:其一,推动完善国际货币体系。美联储持续加息和缩表带来了国际形势变化,客观要求金砖国家降低汇率风险、维护市场稳定,逐步降低对美元的依赖程度,促进金砖国家主权货币国际化,完善国际货币体系。近年来,金砖国家不断提升本币结算的比例和货币互换协议规模,离岸金融取得进展,这有助于摆脱国际收支领域对美元的过度依赖。金砖国家应利用人民币加入SDR的契机,扩大金砖国家间货币互换规模,增强金融实力,支持人民币在金砖国家的使用。

其二,加强应对金融风险的能力建设,主要表现在加强金砖国家的制度对接和加强金融风险联防联控及危机处置能力两个层面。加强金砖国家监管合作是金砖国家金融合作的必由之路。金砖国家新开发银行和应急储备安排应完善风险管理体系,开发风险计量模型,定期进行压力测试,提高资金使用的安全性。金砖国家还应当继续扩大应急储备安排的资金规模,提高成员国承诺额度,增强其应对外部冲击、维护金融稳定的能力。

其三,成立金砖国家新开发银行。在全球基础设施建设资金缺口巨大的背景下,2012年提出成立金砖国家新开发银行,并在2014年金砖国家领导人第六次会晤时签署了《成立新开发银行的协议》。2015年7月,千亿美元的金砖国家新开发银行正式开业运营,将促进新兴经济体和发展中国家共同发展。

其四,建立金砖国家应急储备安排。2014年,为了共同防范金融风险,金砖国家签署《关于建立金砖国家应急储备安排的条约》,条约中声明初始承诺互换的规模为1000亿美元,其中中国最大互换金额为410亿美元,南非为50亿美元,巴西、印度和俄罗斯各为180亿美元。

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