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理论创新 别掉入对手的“理论陷阱”

2017-08-28 14:01:07   央广网

一切军事理论研究,都离不开与对手的动态比较。外军的理论发展到了哪一步,我们理应保持高度敏感、适度学习借鉴。然而,别人的理论再好,也未必对我们适用。对那些所谓的理论创新成果,我们既要热切关注,又要冷静评估;既不可无动于衷,也不能反应过度。

在庆祝中国人民解放军建军90周年大会上,习主席强调:“我们要不断适应新形势、应对新挑战、解决新问题,在实践上大胆探索,在理论上勇于突破,不断丰富和发展党在新时期的强军思想。”这就要求,理论上的任何创新发展,都必须与我们改革强军的实际相结合,要接上“中国地气”,决不可“食洋不化”。

纵观近年来的几场战争,蕴含其中的所谓新式作战理论,几乎都成了短命的“一次性理论”。如果跟风学习,可能没等学会,就已经过期失效了。“下棋千古无重局。”从海湾战争的“空地一体战”,到科索沃战争的“远程空袭作战”,从阿富汗战争的“特种作战”,到伊拉克战争的“震慑与快速决定性作战”,真可谓乱花渐欲迷人眼。难怪有人发出感慨:“现在的战争真让人看不懂。”

“看不懂”,未必是因为理论本身多么高深,也可能其中另有玄机。自古以来,军事欺骗就是敌我双方最常用的一种斗争方法,反映在理论研究领域,就是“理论欺骗”。20世纪80年代初,美国抛出“星球大战”计划,引诱苏联搞军备竞赛,结果使其经济被拖垮、政治遭解体。

真正宝贵的军事理论是稀缺资源,“在战争的历史上,伟大的观念要比伟大的将军更少。”然而,当前一些军事强国的研究机构、研究人员非常之多,每天产生的各种报告、各种概念层出不穷。其中哪些是真金白银、哪些是“理论泡沫”,哪些是郑重其事、哪些是虚晃一枪,外人很难一眼辨明。比如,某国国防部在重要文件中提出一种作战理念,并且大力宣扬,使得这一理念受到追捧、走红全球,成为世界各国的研究热点。

像这样“广而告之”的作战理念,难免令人生疑:如果理论本身很有价值,怎会轻易让全世界了如指掌?谁又能保证,这不是一种假公开、伪透明,这不是一种理论上的“陷阱”?

我们的军事理论研究,还相当程度上存在着对国外军事理论浅层理解、跟风炒作、盲目移植等现象,导致一些研究成果不接地气、水土不服。在没有摸清对方的深层目的、隐藏动机之前,如果对一些热门理论人云亦云、把一些时髦概念奉为圭臬,甚至孤注一掷地跟踪模仿,不仅难以达到预期目标,还会产生危险后果。

别人的理论,我们未必学得来;我们的理论,别人也未必用得了。所谓“龙争虎斗”,大体上,虎不会脱离地面这个基本依托,龙也不会丢弃天空这个根本优势。我军的力量基础、历史传统等,决定了我们在打仗时总会遵守一些相对稳定的指导思想,这是我们的核心竞争力,也是我们保持“理论定力”的底气、避开“理论陷阱”的凭据。

花繁柳密处拨得开,才是手段;风狂雨急时立得定,方见脚根。要打赢未来战争,就必须在正确把握现代战争特点和中国国情军情的基础上,“吸收那些用得着的东西,拒绝那些用不着的东西,增加那些自己所特有的东西”。惟其如此,才能“无穷如天地,不竭如江河”,确保军事理论之树常青。(雷鸣 南部战区联合参谋部)

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