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第十届天津国际乳腺癌会议召开

2017-08-18 19:12:28   央广网

央广网天津8月18日消息(记者陈庆滨 通讯员朱芸)8月18日,由中国抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会主办、天津市肿瘤医院承办的“第十届天津国际乳腺癌会议”正式召开。大会执行主席、中国抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会副主委、中国天津乳腺癌防治研究中心常务副主任、天津市肿瘤医院乳腺肿瘤三科科主任张瑾教授介绍,乳腺癌的发病率已经高居女性恶性肿瘤之首,与欧美国家相比,我国乳腺癌发病年龄高峰偏低,位于45—50岁,治疗则越来越趋于精准化、个体化的治疗方向。

“第十届天津国际乳腺癌会议”中国抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会主办、天津市肿瘤医院承办,以“乳腺癌的精准医疗”为主题,邀请美国、英国、日本、韩国等国际知名专家,汇聚600余名包括香港、台湾在内的来自全国30余个省、市、自治区的乳腺肿瘤专家,针对乳腺癌精准医学策略、乳腺癌转化医学、乳腺癌影像诊断与外科治疗、靶向治疗、多学科协作及个体化治疗等方面进行学术交流和探讨,旨在传递乳腺癌领域的最新成果,交流最新进展和技术,代表了世界上最先进的乳腺癌诊治水平。

发病高峰呈“M”形分布 高发年龄较西方年轻近20岁

据测算,到2021年,中国将有250万乳腺癌患者。张瑾教授介绍,欧美国家乳腺癌的发病率一般是随着年龄的增长而提高,约2/3患者都发生在绝经后,高发年龄是65—70岁。和欧美国家相比,我国乳腺癌有两个发病高峰,第一个高峰出现在45—50岁之间,另一个出现在70—75岁之间,呈“M”形分布,诊断的平均年龄是45—55岁,较西方女性年轻了10—20岁。由于我国人口基数大,患者的绝对数量大,大城市女性的发病率是农村人口的近2倍,年轻患者数量也相对较多,35岁以下年龄段患者约占10%到15%。

早期检出率相对较低 自检不能代替防癌筛查

乳腺癌发现越早,治疗效果越好是公认的事实。若在乳腺癌的早期阶段发现并进行规范化的治疗,患者的五年生存率可达95%,II期患者也能达到70%以上,如果到了III期乳腺癌,患者的五年生存率只有40%—50%,IV期则更低。定期进行乳腺检查,是预防乳腺癌的最有效的方式。然而由于部分女性防癌意识较弱、乳腺癌普查未能覆盖全部人群等原因,我国妇女早期乳腺癌中I期检出率约占20%—25%,而在欧美等发达国家则达80%以上。对于没有条件开展常规体检的地区或人群,乳腺自我检查有助于尽早发现自身一些乳腺癌发病“信号”,一旦发现乳腺肿块、乳头溢液、乳头内陷、乳房皮肤改变、出现“酒窝”状凹陷特征以及其他乳腺异常的情况,就应及时去医院做进一步的专业检查。

需要特别强调的是,自检绝不可替代必要的防癌体检。肿瘤早期不一定会出现明显症状,难以及时察觉。除了医生触诊之外,建议35岁以下人群进行B超检查;35岁以上女性最好每年做一次正规的乳腺x线检查。

精准化治疗 呈现3个变化趋势

张瑾教授介绍,过去的20年,乳腺癌的诊疗水平和管理模式进步飞速,越来越趋于精准化治疗,呈现以下三个变化趋势:首先在检测方面,随着医学和科技的进步发展,乳腺癌分子分型也不断走向“细分”,更好地开展针对性的个体化治疗。其次在治疗方面,随着分子生物学技术的发展,乳腺癌易感基因和致癌位点相继被发现,为乳腺癌精准治疗提供了更多科学依据。另外在患者的生活质量方面,更加优化患者的治疗方式,已经从过去的“最大可耐受”转向“最小可治疗”,在疾病规范化诊治的前提下,更加注重提高乳腺癌患者的生活质量。

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