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质检总局发布境外疫病警示:涵盖欧美、东南亚等地区

2017-08-14 17:51:52   中国青年网

据国家质检总局网站消息,7月以来,质检总局卫生司发布一系列境外疫病警示通报,提醒暑期出境旅行的中国公民做好防虫防病准备,提高自身防护意识。此次发布的警示通告包括流感疫情等近百条,涵盖欧美、非洲及东南亚地区。

流感疫情警示通告显示:北半球温带地区的流感活跃程度持续下降。南半球温带地区的流感活跃程度则持续上升,而南美地区的流感活跃程度高于季节性警戒水平。甲型(H3N2)和乙型流感于全球同时流行。

警示通告表明,香港猩红热于过去数星期转趋活跃。卫生防护中心监测数据显示,猩红热病例由今年6月4日1周的38例,增至其后3周分別49、52和69例。截至6月30日,卫生防护中心今年首6个月共接治的猩红热呈报病例达1215例,较2016年(727例)及2015年(674例)同时期显著增加。大部分个案病情较轻。其中,431人(35.5%)需入院治疗,至今无死亡病例。

质检总局卫生司相关人士介绍,中国现已开放266个港口、机场、车站和陆路边境口岸,每年平均大约有来自100多个国家和地区、6000万艘/辆/架次出入境交通工具、2万多亿美元货值的出入境物流,约5.4亿人次出入境。

大湄公河次区域国家的艾滋病、疟疾、登革热和结核病等,中亚国家的中东呼吸综合征、鼠疫、包虫病、肝炎,西亚非洲国家的脊髓灰质炎、结核病、血吸虫病等的流行和传播,都对中国公共卫生安全造成威胁。其中,东南亚历来是虫媒传染病和肠道传染病多发地区,夏季气候炎热、雨水增多,蚊虫进入活跃期,部分传染病开始进入高发季节,肠道传染病(如副溶血弧菌感染导致的腹泻)和登革热、寨卡病毒病、基孔肯雅热等蚊媒传染病更是进入高发期,流感(H3型)活跃程度也呈现反季节上升。

对此,质检总局提醒前往东南亚地区的广大旅客,出境前可向当地出入境检验检疫部门了解目的地国家传染病疫情状况,如需使用防疫性药物或接种疫苗,可至当地国际旅行卫生保健中心咨询。同时,要在旅行中做好必要的蚊虫防护。建议可选择穿着浅色长衣长裤,尽量减少皮肤直接暴露,暴露位置涂擦防蚊剂,住宿地点要有防蚊虫措施,降低蚊虫叮咬的可能性。同时注意饮食和个人卫生,避免直接与动物接触。

此外,中亚国家近年来成为旅游的热门目的地,检疫部门提醒,糖尿病、肾衰竭、慢性肺部疾病和免疫受损者被认为属于中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒感染严重病症的高危人员,应当避免与动物的密切接触,尤其是骆驼。同时应当避免前往农场、市场或谷仓等区域,这些区域被认为是高危环境。应当坚持个人卫生防护,如接触动物后立即洗手,避免接触患病动物。在食品卫生方面,避免食用生鲜骆驼奶或骆驼尿,或食用未经煮熟的食物。

出入境检验检疫部门还提醒旅行者,归国时如有发热、皮疹、肌肉关节疼痛等症状,应主动向检疫部门申报,配合检疫、及时就诊。由于某些传染病具有一定潜伏期,旅客在回国后若有不适症状务必及时到医院就诊,并告知国际旅行史,早发现早治疗,避免疫情在国内传播。

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