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香港中大研究发现通过验血分析DNA可及早诊断鼻咽癌

2017-08-10 22:03:44   中国青年网

新华社香港8月10日电(记者张雅诗)香港中文大学10日公布一项研究结果显示,通过分析血浆DNA可以及早诊断鼻咽癌,让患者尽早接受有效治疗,大幅增加康复机会。

中大表示,鼻咽癌大多与感染EB病毒有关,而检测癌细胞在血浆内释放的EB病毒DNA,有助于诊断出是否患有鼻咽癌。

中大医学院研究团队在2013至2016年期间,为超过两万名没有任何鼻咽癌症状的香港中年男性进行“血浆EB病毒DNA测试”。结果显示,在这些参与者中,309人在首次检查及复检时均呈阳性反应,他们都被邀请接受鼻咽内窥镜和磁力共振扫描检查。在愿意接受进一步检查的300名参加者当中,34人确诊患有鼻咽癌。

此外,在这次研究中,有3名在血浆DNA分析中检测到EB病毒DNA的病人,在进行鼻咽内窥镜时并未发现有肿瘤,但再经磁力共振扫描检查时终获确诊。而在9名测试结果呈阳性但不接受进一步检查的病人中,有一人在参加研究后32个月被确诊患有晚期鼻咽癌,并在确诊2个月后病逝。

中大医学院化学病理学系教授陈君赐表示,这项研究显示无创性血浆DNA分析可以让病人在发病初期确诊,让他们尽早接受有效治疗,大幅增加康复的机会。

中大李嘉诚健康科学研究所所长卢煜明表示,即使肿瘤的体积小,其释放于血浆内的EB病毒DNA浓度也能通过高灵敏度的技术检测得到。由于血浆EB病毒DNA测试能有效将鼻咽癌发现的期数由晚期推向极早期,可大幅减少死亡率及发病率,因此在高发病率的地区,这个技术是可行的筛检方法。

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