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反垄断:去产能行业仍是重点

2017-08-04 08:07:05   新华网

电力行业首例反垄断案件的处罚“靴子”终于落地。近日,国家发展改革委指导山西省发展改革委,对山西省电力行业协会组织23家火电企业达成并实施直供电价格垄断协议一案,作出处理决定,依法处罚7338万元。专家表示,未来将继续重点就去产能行业中的企业垄断行为进行执法,尤其要加强对行业协会组织垄断行为的查处力度。

  打板子 查处直供电价格垄断案

山西省几乎所有发电企业都被卷入了一宗反垄断案件中。

2016年1月29日,全国12358价格监管平台和山西省政府有关部门接到举报,反映山西省电力行业协会组织部分火电企业召开大用户直供座谈会,签署《山西省火电企业防止恶意竞争 保障行业健康可持续发展公约》,涉嫌非法垄断直供电价格。

调查发现,2016年1月14日下午,山西省电力行业协会召集大唐、国电、华能、华电4家央企发电集团山西公司和漳泽电力、格盟能源、晋能电力、西山煤电4家省属发电集团,以及15家发电厂,在太原市召开火电企业大用户直供座谈会,共同协商直供电交易价格,签订公约,并确定2016年山西省第二批大用户直供电报价较上网标杆电价让利幅度不超过0.02元/千瓦时,最低交易报价为0.30元/千瓦时。

经对销售数据进行核实,各涉案企业实施了直供电价格垄断协议。国家发改委公布的官方通告显示,山西省电力行业协会组织23家火电企业通过垄断协议控制直供电交易价格的行为,违反了《反垄断法》规定,违背了国家电力改革中引入竞争、鼓励大型工业用户向发电企业直接购电、交易双方协商定价的原则,不利于通过市场化、法治化的手段有效推进火电行业供给侧结构性改革,排除、限制了直供电市场的公平竞争,增加了下游实体企业的用电负担,损害了消费者利益。

值得一提的是,在本案中,山西省电力行业协会对达成垄断协议发挥了组织作用,被从重处罚,顶格罚款50万元。

对此,国务院反垄断委员会专家咨询组成员、对外经济贸易大学竞争法中心主任黄勇表示,在法理上,行业协会应当是经营者的自律组织,但在实践中,容易成为各种卡特尔的“温床”,所以是各国反垄断法的重点规制对象。我国反垄断法对此也作出了明确规定,行业协会应当遵守法律,引导经营者依法竞争。

此外,对涉案企业主张的电力是特殊商品,抱团限价是由于经济不景气,因此其行为不适用《反垄断法》的抗辩,办案人员指出,我国电力改革实行厂网分开、主辅分离、输配分开、竞价上网,对于引入竞争的发电和售电环节,《反垄断法》的适用并无任何例外。

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