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印度光伏产业75%采用中国产品 15%从美国进口

2017-08-28 16:46:27   中国青年网

人民网讯目前,虽然印度代替中国成为亚洲乃至世界经济增长最快的主要经济体,但其电力供应短缺极为严重。为解决这一问题,印度拟通过产业保护、贸易保护等政策手段大力发展可再生能源产业,尤其是光伏发电,但尽管如此,其仍难以摆脱对中国的依赖。

据印度《经济时报》消息,印度目前约有3亿人口无电可用,主要集中在农村地区,其电力短缺给经济带来的损失相到于其GDP的7%左右。为此,印度政府一直致力于改进电力供应问题,但因煤炭短缺、输电损耗、盗电等原因迟迟未有改善。自现任总统莫迪在古吉拉特邦通过太阳能光法发电实现电力供应充足稳定后,印度急迫提出要实现可再生能源转型,如近期取消关闭了超过14Gw的大型煤炭发电项目以及部分矿山,而这些电力供应缺口将由太阳能光伏发电来填补。

在规划远景上,印度拟到2022年光伏装机达到1亿千瓦(100Gw),是前任政府所提目标的5倍;2020年可再生能源目标从6%提升至15%。然而,当前印度并没有完整的光伏产业链,进口的晶硅电池基本来源于中国,甚至建立电池和组件生产线也需要中国的帮助。

据印度分析机构Brge To India发布的《印度太阳能地图(2016年版)》显示,2016年印度光伏组件前十家供应商中,有8家来自中国,其中光伏装机量约75%采用的是中国产品,15%从美国进口,剩下的由本土制造商提供。因此,为推进长期以来依赖进口的本土光伏企业转型,印度先后出台了一些产业保护政策,如今年7月底,印度对自中国大陆、台湾地区以及马来西亚进口的光伏电池及组件发起反倾销调查。当前,中国光伏产业占据全球产业链领先地位,印度在基本电力缺口较大及光伏产业落后的情况下,仅仅依靠保护性政策摆脱中国依赖,并实现能源转型的难度较大。

责任编辑:孙鑫鑫 CN066
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