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美澳试射8倍音速飞行器 专家:中国要有反制技术

2017-07-18 09:51:09   环球时报

[环球网军事7月18日报道环球时报特约记者张亦驰环球时报记者刘扬]美国媒体总在渲染中国的高超音速导弹威胁,但实际上,美国在高超音速武器方面的研究最广泛、最深入。近日,有媒体爆料称,美澳联合进行了8倍音速的高超音速导弹试验,而这次成功只是其庞大计划的一小部分。专家表示,美国此次试验的项目还不能称为导弹,但其技术可以用来研发高超音速武器。美国最终研制的高超音速武器不仅仅能够一小时打遍全球,而且会大大提高其突防能力。

美澳成功进行“高超音速导弹”飞行试验

Nextbigfuture网站题为“美澳上周成功进行8马赫的HiFire4高超音速导弹试验”的报道称,美国-澳大利亚高超音速国际飞行研究试验计划(HiFIRE)上周在南澳州的武默拉(Woomera)测试靶场至少进行了一次成功的高超音速飞行。澳大利亚国防部长佩恩确认这一轮试验是在7月12日进行的。

报道称,该飞行器是一种自由飞行的高超音速滑翔器,设计飞行速度为8马赫。报道称,试飞是为了了解高超音速飞行器如何在高空飞行。BAE系统公司澳大利亚分部在一份声明中表示:“这次成功的飞行试验是迄今为止所有HiFIRE飞行中最复杂的飞行试验。”文章称,这个耗资5400万美元的联合倡议包括美国空军、波音公司、澳大利亚国防部的国防科学技术集团、BAE系统澳大利亚分部和昆士兰大学。

美高超音速计划的冰山一角

实际上,这次飞行只是整个HiFIRE的一小部分。该网站报道称,澳大利亚昆士兰大学在HiFIRE计划中参与3项飞行试验,分别是HiFIRE4、HiFIRE7和HiFIRE8。这些测试还被称为HyShot V、VI和VII。

HyShot V(HiFIRE4,也就是本次试飞的飞行器)设计用于以8马赫的速度飞行。它将在太空中与火箭助推器分离,并在进入大气层时执行受控制的机动,包括俯冲-拉起,可以延长其飞行距离,但它本身不安装超燃冲压发动机。HyShot VI(HiFIRE7)于2015年3月30日进行了试射。它采用类似于HyShot I-IV飞行测试的弹道,但它采用了超燃冲压喷气发动机。飞出大气层后,飞行器与火箭分离,并以约8马赫的速度自行进入大气层。该发动机是由昆士兰大学设计的新型三维发动机之一。那次测试中,HiFIRE团队收集了飞行数据,直到有效载荷重新进入65公里的大气层,这时候遥测信号丢失。更不幸的是,没有能够收集到超燃冲压发动机的数据。HyShot VII(HiFIRE8)是其他两种飞行测试的最终成果。它将是一款采用超燃冲压发动机驱动的乘波体飞行器,形式与美国的X-51类似,其设计将利用从HyShot V和VI获得的数据。它未来的试飞将使用较低的弹道,HyShot团队计划利用超燃冲压发动机在8马赫速度时平飞最高达到一分钟。相比之下,HyShot I-IV和VI的短暂试验窗口大约只有5秒,该飞行器计划于2019年发射。

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