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中国导弹专家揭秘:“萨德”为何如此让人生厌(图)

2017-07-12 13:21:57   科技日报

专家聊装备

近日,中俄重申“萨德”问题关系地区战略平衡,双方反对在韩部署“萨德”的立场是一致的。一段时间以来,韩国部署“萨德”的定引发各方关注,更是引起周边国家的强烈反对。“萨德”到底有哪些“过人之处”?X波段雷达是啥?这背后可能意味着什么?为此,科技日报记者专门采访了航天科工二院的导弹专家郭衍莹。


当地时间2017年3月18日,韩国星州郡,民众集会抗议,要求取消部署“萨德”。

为什么X波段雷达能窃取邻国的军事情报

“萨德”系统的X波段陆基雷达强大的信息获取能力,让周边国家颇为忌惮。很多人关心,为什么美国反导系统中的X波段雷达能窃取邻国的军事情报,而其他频段的雷达,如“宙斯盾”的S波段雷达却不能?

郭衍莹介绍:“美国‘萨德’系统的X波段雷达TPS-2采用了很多新技术,如大发射功率,低噪声接收,尤其是先进的数字信号处理技术等。但它之所以具有高超的窃取邻国军事情报能力,主要在于它是一部宽频带雷达,具有很强目标识别能力。它能识别目标的真假,识别是真弹头,还是诱饵、碎片或是干扰。结合测出的弹道参数,然后再结合美军数据库的数据就能知道是哪个型号,或是一款新型导弹。反导雷达如没有目标识别功能,最多只能提供‘××上空有不明飞行物’之类情报,没有太大的军事价值。X波段雷达另一个特点,它的天线波束可以做得很窄,可以提高雷达对目标瞬时位置、速度的测量精度,从而能提高火控雷达的制导精度,提高雷达对目标拦截的成功概率。这两点对反导雷达都很重要。”

如何正确理解“萨德”的X波段雷达探测距离

记者了解到,对于“萨德”的X波段雷达探测距离,韩国媒体一致口径认为是700千米。而在我国媒体说法不一,有1500千米、2000千米、2500千米甚至更远等多种说法。

对此,郭衍莹认为:“美国感兴趣的是监视和窃取别国靶场战略导弹在起飞助推段试验数据和初始轨道数据。据我分析,一些专家所以得出2000千米的结论,是假定导弹在助推段的雷达反射面积(RCS)>10平方米,然后再与美国官方公布的‘萨德’的典型数据对比。再根据雷达原理,就能得出雷达有效探测距离。”

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