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国外罕见病药物入华提速:有条件上市再补做研究

2017-05-16 09:42:38   中国网

近日,全球首个治疗庞贝氏病的首个罕见病药物“美而赞”(注射用阿糖苷酶α),在上市十年后,宣布正式进入中国大陆市场。

“此次美而赞的获批,是通过CFDA(国家食品药品监督管理局)免三期临床试验(的政策),获准进入中国大陆市场的。”美而赞的研发方——跨国药企赛诺菲特药部负责人向澎湃新闻(www.thepaper.cn)记者表示。

就在美而赞宣布在中国大陆上市的前夕,5月11日,国家食品药品监督管理局(CFDA)发布了关于征求《关于鼓励药品医疗器械创新加快新药医疗器械上市审评审批的相关政策》(征求意见稿)意见的公告。

公告提出,罕见病治疗药物申请人可提出减免临床试验申请,加快审评审批。对于在国外已批准上市的罕见病治疗药物,可有条件批准上市,上市后在规定时间内补做相关研究。

赛诺菲特药部负责人表示,这个征求意见稿的推出,表明了政府对于中国罕见病患者的重视,加快了中国罕见病领域建设的步伐,“我们也希望,相关政策能够尽快通过,尽快落地,期待之后有更多的创新药物能够尽快的进入中国,造福更多的中国罕见病患者。”

上海市罕见病防治基金会理事长、国家卫生和计划生育委员会罕见病诊治与保障专家委员会副主任委员李定国向澎湃新闻指出,除了上市难的问题,用药贵也应当得到政府部门的重视。

“预防包括庞贝氏症在内的许多罕见病,最有效的方式是产前筛查,现阶段这在技术上没有任何难度,但费用应该谁出却是一个问题。罕见病的治疗到最后都不再是技术难题,而是经济难题。”李定国说道。

以美而赞为例,这一目前被称作全球治疗庞贝氏病最有效的药物,同时也是全球最昂贵的十大罕见病药物之一。据李定国介绍,一个成年患者使用美而赞的治疗费用平均高达200万元一年。婴幼儿患者以体重为标准计算用药量,年花费会随着年龄的上升而不断增加。

庞贝病,也被称为酸性α-葡萄糖苷酶缺乏症或II型糖原贮积病,是由酸性α-葡萄糖苷酶缺乏引起的一种常染色体隐性遗传疾病。

“作为一种罕见病,庞贝病的新生儿发病率约为1/40000,而目前我国已确诊庞贝病患者仅百余人。”上海儿童医学中心心内科主任医师傅立军教授介绍,“酸性α-葡萄糖苷酶的缺乏可导致糖原在溶酶体内积累,造成肌肉、心肌、骨骼肌和呼吸肌严重、且不可逆转的受损。随着时间的推移,会导致患者心肺衰竭和运动障碍,进而全身功能衰竭而过早死亡。因此,对于庞贝病患者来说,疾病治疗就是一场与时间的赛跑。”

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