新闻
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China

诸多课题尚未解决 日政府在反对声中通过安保法案

2015-09-18 09:12:33   环球网

【环球网报道记者王欢】日本众参两院围绕安保相关法案的审议总计已超过200小时。然而,行使集体自卫权的必要条件仍然模糊不清,是否符合《宪法》也存在疑问。尽管主要论点尚存在诸多课题,但日本执政党却执意表决通过了该法案。

集体自卫权

日本共同社9月17日文章称,日本政府关于行使集体自卫权的事例可分为两大类:(1)朝鲜半岛“有事”时出动自卫队护卫美国舰船;(2)在中东霍尔木兹海峡进行扫雷。然而,日本首相安倍晋三等在质询时的回答摇摆不定,未能明确在何种情况下行使集体自卫权。

自2014年以来,安倍将护卫运送从朝鲜半岛撤出的日侨的美军舰船作为行使集体自卫权的例子。然而他在审议中表示,没有日侨搭乘也可以行使。防相中谷元表示,除了对针对日本的导弹执行警戒任务的美国宙斯盾舰以外,防护对象可扩大到美军整个防卫力量。“有限行使”这一政府所解释的集体自卫权的行使范围有可能无限扩大。

围绕在中东霍尔木兹海峡的扫雷活动,安倍谈及了伊朗铺设水雷的可能性。后来他又改口称“没有设想某个特定的国家”,这引发了外界对发生该事态是否具有现实性的疑问。

关于法案是否符合宪法,在众院审议初期就有宪法学者指出法案违宪。前内阁法制局长官和前最高法院院长等也纷纷提出批评,政府以安保环境发生变化为由改变宪法解释的做法未能获得广泛支持。

关于“重要影响事态”

安保法案将设想朝鲜半岛“有事”时为美军提供后方支援的《周边事态法》改称为《重要影响事态法案》,取消了“周边”这一地理限制。此外还扩大了支援的内容,使在全球范围内与美军共同应对成为可能。

法案审议中,允许供给弹药以及为准备升空的战斗机加油的条款成为争论焦点。在野党批评这违反了禁止“与他国军队武力行使一体化”的宪法第9条。

在参院审议中,制定《周边事态法》时的内阁法制局长官大森政辅作为知情人接受了质询。他表示,当时法制局认为给战斗机加油属于“武力行使一体化”,但具体事实如何尚不清楚。

在共同社看来,法案不排除运输核武器等大规模杀伤性武器也成为争论焦点。虽然安倍强烈否定称“不可能”发生这种情况,但并未在法律上作出保证。

关于“应对国际纷争”

有关后方支援,法案新增加了在国际纷争时可派遣自卫队的《国际和平支援法案》。自卫队活动区域从原来《特别措施法》规定的“非战斗地区”扩大到“目前正发生战斗行为的现场(战场)以外”地区。在野党认为这会增加自卫队队员的危险,但安倍等一直予以否认。

与“行使集体自卫权”和“重要影响事态”不同,法案规定,为应对国际纷争的他国军队提供后方支援时,无一例外需经国会事先批准,联合国决议等也是必要条件。然而,关于日本是否向对中东极端组织“伊斯兰国”展开军事打击的美国等提供后方支援,安倍虽然称“作为政策判断没有考虑”,但因法案规定可以对多国部队提供支援,不能否定将来成为支援对象的可能性。

关于“联合国维和行动”

安保法案修改联合国维和行动(PKO)合作法案,放宽自卫队的武器使用标准,允许进行“驰援护卫”以救助遭遇武装团伙袭击的联合国要员以及参与维持治安等。在野党批判称这将“使自卫队队员杀人和被杀”。

法案将独立于联合国的类似PKO的活动定义为“国际联合和平安全活动”,允许派遣自卫队参与维持治安和人道重建支援等活动。但在国会讨论中,并未详细说明设想参与哪些活动。

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

日本参议院和平安全法制委强行通过安保法案

"九一八事变"84周年 日本新安保法今将最终表决

日参院特别委委员长称决定表决安保法案妥当

日本安保法案表决现场一片混乱 上演“全武行”(组图)

安倍10月计划改组内阁 传麻生太郎或被撤换

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20150918/20418019.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/15 01:49:43

Powered by China
China