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"九一八事变"84周年 日本新安保法今将最终表决

2015-09-18 06:17:21   中国新闻网


9月17日白天,众多日本民众冒着大雨持续聚集在国会周边进行反安保抗议活动。

中新网9月18日电不顾各界反对,安倍晋三领导的日本政府将于本月18日在该国参议院全体大会上就安保法案强行进行表决,并拟于9月底国会闭幕前使之成立生效,日本战后安保政策将迎来重大转变。如无意外,安倍领导的执政党凭借人数优势足以使该法案顺利通过。但种种迹象显示,安倍推进日本重回“正常国家”之路并不平坦,也将给周边地区局势增添更多隐忧。

【无视民意 执意推进】

17日,日本执政党与在野党就参院和平安全法制特别委员会上表决安保法一事展开激烈交锋。会上,委员长佐藤正久便遭到在野党议员的围堵,现场秩序近乎失控。在场的安倍则坐在不远处静观事态发展,未出面表态。会场外,仍有反对安保法案的民众一早便在国会前集会,在雨中激烈抗议,要求废除该法案。但是,执政联盟仍凭借人数优势强行将法案通过。

就在不久前,在无有力竞争对手的情况下,安倍还成功连任了日本执政党——自民党的总裁,他的执政时间也有望延长至2018年。踌躇满志、意气风发的安倍还在追随者们为其召开的选举大会上放言,下一步将“重振日本的经济与防务”,并力求通过安保法案。

然而,现实却并没有当时会场气氛那般激昂乐观。首先,安倍政权已经推行三年的“安倍经济学”事实上并未真正惠及日本百姓,民众的失落情绪也已在各项民调中充分体现。其次,其重启核电政策及驻日美军基地搬迁问题,也已然成为横亘在安倍长期执政道路上的主要障碍。

最关键的是,其最为重视的安保法与修宪议题都不得人心,日本民众的各式抗议集会此起彼伏,致使其支持率也一再下跌。面对危机,安倍近期一再指示在野党干部“本周内必须要通过”;放下首相“身段”参加各种电视节目,为民众“答疑解惑”;积极拉拢部分在野党,意欲寻求支持等。但这些都未能阻挡该国民众汹涌的反对浪潮。

从放弃“武器出口三原则”到扩大军费支出,从制定《特定秘密保护法》到放弃自卫队“文官统治”原则,从强化日美军事同盟再到安保法的制定,在扩大日本自卫队海内外军事活动的背后,曾号称修宪是“毕生政治使命”的安倍,在其重塑日本军事大国之路上从未停止过脚步。

此次,显然是民意对于安倍接连颠覆日本战后体制的一次集中爆发。安保法此番若能顺利闯过参议院,日本也将由此重新变为能参与战争、甚至可以主动挑起战事的国家。至此,日本和平宪法的基础将被彻底颠覆,二战后确立的国际秩序也将受到威胁。

【难以成为“正常国家”】

由于修宪不得人心,安倍通过安保法来间接、却实质性地改变宪法第九条规定的“专守防卫”政策,以使之形同虚设。而安保法解禁日本的集体自卫权后,保障的恰好是盟国美国的利益,故美国政府自然也乐于支持日本通过该法案,如此也便获得了来自美国的支持。

根据安保相关法案,作为自卫队最高指挥官,日本首相能通过“综合判断”决定是否行使集体自卫权参与海外战争。有分析认为,安倍顽固的历史修正主义倾向和对美国的追随姿态,将极度放大安保法案的危险性。更有日本学者直言,安倍政权屡屡制造出压制民意和舆论的政治氛围,不由得让人联想起日本在二战前狂飙突进的年代。

综上也可见,日本人对安保法的抗争,正是由于该法案的危险属性给其切身安全带来了现实的威胁。当所谓“和平”的伪装被戳破后,人们看到的是赤裸裸的战争风险。而到那时,战火殃及的也并不是如安倍这些满口“积极和平主义”的政客,而是千千万万普通的日本民众与家庭。

有观点认为,在二战结束70周年之际,日美合流搅动地区形势的行为与世界各国求和平、谋发展的潮流显然格格不入,对亚洲的稳定也会增加不稳定因素。而美国大力扶植日本军力的行为实则也十分危险,因为日本一旦强大很可能会摆脱其控制,甚至再次上演一次“珍珠港事件”。

对于安倍的“小算盘”,英国路透社曾直言不讳的指出,仅唯美国马首是瞻的日本还远难以真正成为“正常国家”;而在视民众支持率为生命的日本政坛,有日媒分析认为,面对已经跌破40%警戒线、落入“黄灯区”的支持率,安倍的“复兴路”能走多远,目前都还很难说。

针对日本政府近期的军事安全动向,中国外交部曾指出,希望其能认真倾听国内正义呼声,切实汲取历史教训,坚持和平发展道路,在军事安全领域慎重行事,多做有助于促进本地区和平稳定的事;韩国外交部也敦促其坚持《和平宪法》的精神,面向对地区和平与稳定作出贡献的方向“透明地推进”相关安保政策。(完)

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