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世界空军史服役过的最大轰炸机:可在空中回收战机

2016-12-21 13:45:59   

位于亚利桑那州的皮玛航空博物馆是美国国内第三大航空博物馆,展示了大量精品军用飞机。

下图是该馆收藏的B-36“和平缔造者”——世界空军历史上服役过的尺寸最大轰炸机,由康维尔公司于20世纪40年代研发,其机长49米,翼展70米,机高14.25米,最大起飞重量186吨,可搭载33吨炸弹(包括核弹),最大作战半径6415千米,是美空军第一种不需空中加油就具备洲际轰炸能力的轰炸机。图中馆藏的这架机号为52-2827的巨物是历史上最后一架完工的B-36轰炸机,绰号“沃斯堡城”号。

鉴于其巨大的尺寸,美空军曾于20世纪50年代进行过一项代号为 FICON(Fighter Conveyor 空运战斗机载机缩写)的秘密项目,主要目的是借助B-36的洲际飞行能力,运载F-84喷气式战机执行战术核打击任务。B-36可在敌防空区外释放F- 84,完成核打击任务后,再在空中回收。图为GRB-36母机在空中回收F-84E资料图。


1953年,美空军埃格林(Eglin)空军基地共完成了170多次空中释放和回收试验,这些试飞都是由GRB-36母机和F-84E子机完成的。图为GRB-36F母机与F-84E子机顺利对接资料图,背景还可见一架伴飞的B-50(B-29)轰炸机。

1953年5月,比F-84E性能更优秀的YRF-84F交付美空军,后来定型为GRF-84F。作为一种喷气式战术侦察机,RF-84F开始参与FICON试飞。该型机能长时间依托GRB-36在高空待机,待任务下达,从空中出击进行侦察或者攻击任务,之后再安全返回。但由于技术风险过大,在成功执行几次任务后,美空军于1956年宣布终止了FICON计划。图为RF-84F与GRB-36对接资料图。

图为冷战时期,沃斯堡工厂的B-36轰炸机生产线资料图。

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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