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1952年朱德重庆剿匪:蒋介石陆上台湾美梦破灭

2016-09-27 15:16:09   解放日报

1950年3月,傅秉勋窜逃到川西,策划国民党夏斗枢部两个已经起义的师叛乱后不久,即被川西军区剿灭,傅秉勋逃出。后与军统成都站站长周迅宇等三人结拜为兄弟。经周迅宇向毛人凤疏通,台湾不但撤销了对傅秉勋的通缉令,恢复其黄埔学籍和国民党党籍,还来电加封他为“中华人民反共突击军249路中将副总指挥”,成了周迅宇的“得力助手”。

面对解放军的强劲攻势,周迅宇打算长期潜伏下来,傅秉勋却坚决反对。他认为黑水地区民风强悍,道路艰险,加之地处甘、青、川三省边界,进可攻、退可守,是一块天然的“游击根据地”。两人矛盾无法弥合,傅秉勋用武力胁迫绑架了周迅宇的报务组长袁正宏,偷走电台,带着一些残部,制造了“马尔康血案”后,径奔黑水而去。傅秉勋窜到黑水后,致电台湾。同时,他自我转正,打出“中将总指挥”的叛旗,扩充实力,很快聚焦到3000名残匪,对外号称拥有10万余人枪。

黑水的藏族头人苏永和面对共产党大军压境,本来采取了骑墙态度。他的藏名是道尔吉巴桑,原为黑水沟半头人。经过20多年的残酷厮杀,他最终成了黑水地区藏族最有势力的大头人。清乾隆皇帝颁给原黑水最高统治者梭磨土司的金印,虽已落入苏永和手中30余年,但国民党中央政府一直未予承认。大西南解放后,这个黑水头人怀藏金印,取悦两端。他一面收容傅秉勋叛匪,一面接待中共茂县地委派往黑水的工作组人员。

6月16日,黑水芦花官寨。傅秉勋收到蒋介石的册封电报后,立即向苏永和宣读、祝贺。次日,铁心跟着傅秉勋叛乱的苏永和扣押了以戈一为组长的茂县地委驻黑水工作组,查封了工作组的电台和武器,彻底投向了国民党残匪的怀抱。

(摘自《新中国剿匪反特大纪实》,湖南人民出版社出版)

“陆上台湾”美梦破灭

7月20日早晨7时,围剿黑水叛匪的总攻号角吹响了。东、西、北三线解放军按预定部署同时出击。

傅秉勋看到大势已去,带着自己的人马溜之大吉。苏永和走投无路,最终下山投诚。

8月16日,傅秉勋虽被解放军独4团一个连队发现,但傅带卫士陈万林逃脱。

随后,傅秉勋和陈万林被几个牧民活捉。那个地方名叫“安曲独马寨”。第二天,独马寨的土司下令将两人绑送到查理寺贡汤活佛处。贡汤活佛是个爱国的上层头人。傅秉勋刚到黑水时,曾谋划刺杀他,两人仇恨较深。9月26日早上,距离查理寺还有15里时,傅秉勋从押送自己的藏民交谈中发现,是要把他交给查理寺的贡汤活佛。傅秉勋吓坏了,走到一条小溪边,傅秉勋故意栽倒在水中。溪水只有齐腰深,当时只要拉他一把,便可得救,他自己也完全可以站起来。但傅秉勋不一会儿竟淹死了。

当时,傅秉勋化名“唐有余”,陈万林化名“陈志先”。傅秉勋淹死后,陈万林被转押到了阿坝。剿匪部队得知这一情况,一面打捞出尸体,一面电告前指。前指参谋都爱国见电报后,纳闷很久,查遍3000余土匪名单,并无“唐有余”这个人。后据陈万林交代,证件是台湾伪造的,“唐有余”就是傅秉勋。为了保险,都爱国又反复对比照片,最后综合各种情况,认定“唐有余”就是傅秉勋。

1952年9月23日16时,黑水剿匪前指正式向川西军区、西南军区、中央军委、党中央发出黑水剿匪战役取得胜利的总结电报。此役,共歼匪3600余人,缴获枪支4500余支、六○炮9门。蒋介石建立“陆上台湾”的美梦彻底破灭了。

(摘自《新中国剿匪反特大纪实》,湖南人民出版社出版)

责任编辑:张海潮
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