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1952年朱德重庆剿匪:蒋介石陆上台湾美梦破灭

2016-09-27 15:16:09   解放日报

图中左一为傅秉勋

本文节选1952年朱德坐镇重庆剿匪的历史片断,以飨读者。

中国有几个台湾?”

1952年6月2日深夜,北京中南海菊香书屋。毛泽东望着对面而坐的来京汇报工作的西南军区司令员贺龙、政委邓小平,问道:“中国有几个台湾? ”

贺龙正欲开口,毛泽东说:“福建省以南有个台湾省,叫大台湾,四川省西北有个黑水,叫‘小台湾’。要解决大台湾的问题,你们要首先解决‘小台湾’的问题,小台湾是通向大台湾的。 ”

几天前,美联社和香港的报纸报道《傅秉勋在中共后方黑水拉起十万大军》,这引起了毛泽东的关切。

6月15日,毛泽东指示返回重庆的贺龙:“就全国的军事大事来说,在本年度是抗美援朝第一,进军西藏第二,黑水剿匪第三。 ”

黑水剿匪作战预案报到北京,中央军委复电指示:宜集不宜赶,对黑水用兵要慎重,兵力不足不要贸然进攻,切忌再把集结黑水的土匪赶往其他地区。这个复电既是布置又是婉转的批评。川西军区派兵三进懋功,虽平定了匪患,但用赶羊的办法把懋功两万余匪众赶到了四周,特别是匪首傅秉勋的漏网,使相邻的黑水聚成了西南最大一股土匪。

中央军委同时电令:西北军区部队一部于川、甘边藏区扫荡甘南藏族自治区境内之匪,配合西南军区在南线黑水歼敌。

随后,西南军区抽调2.1万人的兵力,同时命令空9师战斗机4架、空8师轰炸机5架、空13师运输机1架,配合地面作战。从西南公安部队司政机关和川西军区司政机关抽调人员,组织“川西军区黑水前线指挥部”,西南军区公安部队副政委郭林祥为前指总指挥兼政委,茂县军分区司令员张行忠为副总指挥,茂县地委书记、军分区政委任明道为副政委,川西军区参谋长唐健伯为参谋长,分别组成西、东、北三个指挥所兵进黑水。朱德总司令由北京飞抵重庆,坐镇总揽全局。

(摘自《新中国剿匪反特大纪实》,湖南人民出版社出版)

黑水有个头号匪首

黑水头号匪首是 “中华人民反共突击军249路中将副总指挥”傅秉勋。

傅秉勋是四川仁寿人,佃农家庭出身,1925年考入黄埔军校第5期,毕业后,曾任胡宗南部排长、连长、营长直到升任少将师长,后转赴四川军阀杨森部出任军长。两年前,他眼见时局维艰,又与四川军阀杨森交恶,一气之下将军费席卷一空,不告而别。蒋介石大为震怒,开除其黄埔学籍和国民党党籍,国民政府也以“携款潜逃罪”而通缉他。

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