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能源局:2015年多进口2500万吨原油 节约5700亿元

2016-06-01 08:58:32   每日经济新闻

5月31日,国家能源局发布了《国家石油储备条例(征求意见稿)》,提出要保持国家石油储备规模与石油消费总量相适应。在近两年的原油熊市中,中国原油进口量大幅攀升。和以往不同,本周期内进口原油的主力军不再只是两桶油。随着石油体制改革的深化,地方炼油厂也加入了“团购”原油的大军。

不过,在经历了一年半的下滑后,国际油价在今年上半年出现了明显的回升,并在上周五盘中站上了每桶50美元大关。即便如此,目前也未看到中国减少进口的迹象:今年2、3、4月份,我国原油进口量都超过了3000万吨,大批满载原油的轮船停在青岛港等待运往各大地炼,来自中东、南美、俄罗斯的石油商人纷纷来到中国争抢市场——身为全球最大的石油进口国,中国已经成为国际油价的定海神针。

自2014年下半年原油踏上漫漫熊途,至今已近两年。在这段时间里,中国作为全球最重要的原油消费国之一,悄然加快了原油进口的速度。

2014年,中国原油进口量为3.1亿吨,2015年达到3.35亿吨,而今年前4个月,这一数字已经达到1.24亿吨。可就在2015年比2014年多进口2500万吨原油的同时,进口总值却只有8300多亿元,与2014年的1.4万亿元相比,相当于节约了5700亿元,降幅达到了惊人的40%。

如果从2014年7月开始算起,过去22个月里,中国共进口原油6.16亿吨,这一数字超过了2015年原油消费总量。也正是在油价处于低谷的2015年,中国首次超过美国,成为全球最大的原油进口国。

不过,尽管青岛仍然油轮压港,但国际油价已然告别了最低谷。自今年2月以来,国际油价一路走高,到5月底已接近每桶50美元。

“这对中国后期的进口量不会有太大影响。”卓创资讯分析师刘孟凯在接受《每日经济新闻》记者采访时分析,一方面地方炼油厂的进口配额还会增加,另一方面我国战略石油储备建设尚未完成,两者都会对后期的石油进口构成支撑。

5月31日,国家能源局发布了《国家石油储备条例(征求意见稿)》(以下简称《意见稿》)。这份《意见稿》提出,要保持国家石油储备规模与石油消费总量相适应。

刘孟凯介绍,目前我国的战略石油储备大致相当于50天的进口量,而今后的目标是至少达到90天。

22个月进口量≈国内3年产量

今年4月,中国再次超过美国,以每天进口796万桶原油的数量问鼎全球最大原油进口国。当月,我国总共进口了3258万吨原油,是进口量连续第三个月超过3000万吨。

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