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南海仲裁菲日暗中串谋 仲裁员安倍亲信在列

2016-05-23 10:10:43   新华网

中国厦门大学南海研究院院长傅崐成20日在海牙接受外国媒体驻荷兰记者联合采访时指出,中国对南海仲裁案的态度和做法是在践行并捍卫《联合国海洋法公约》,中国应继续坚持并推动国际社会全面正确理解《公约》,为国际法的进步作出贡献。

据傅崐成介绍,《公约》规定,领土主权问题不属于《公约》所调整的范围,有关争端涉及海域划界、历史性海湾或所有权、军事和执法活动等,缔约国有权声明不接受强制仲裁。上述被一国排除的争端,其他国家不得提起,仲裁庭也无权管辖。

傅崐成说:“为什么《公约》给争端强制解决留了一道‘后门’?因为国际社会公认,有些涉及这四类因素的争端无法用强制程序解决。针对海洋划界问题,10年前中国就已经作出了排除性声明。世界上有30多个国家都作出了类似的排除性声明。联合国安理会五个常任理事国中,除美国未加入《公约》外,其他四个国家都进行了排除。这都是在践行国际法。”

针对菲律宾单方面提起的南海仲裁案,傅崐成指出,菲律宾对15项诉求进行了包装,但事实上每一项诉求都与主权和海域划界密不可分,都在中国声明的排除事项之列。仲裁庭未能“刺穿伪造讼因的面纱”,反而背弃公正客观的原则,在管辖权问题上作出了错误的裁决。珍爱和捍卫国际法的学者有义务大力发声,纠正仲裁庭对《公约》的曲解。

他举例说:“菲律宾要求仲裁庭裁决某些岛屿是岛还是礁、拥有多少海洋权利,还称这些诉求与主权或划界无关。研究海洋法的人都清楚地知道‘海洋权利源自沿海国对陆地的主权’,即‘陆地统治海洋’的原则,也就是说,脱离主权,不先行决定岛礁的法律地位,就去谈它有多少公里领海、有没有专属经济区或者大陆架,没有任何意义。”

曾获美国弗吉尼亚大学法学博士学位的傅崐成是国际海洋法专家,也曾深入研究英美公司法。他对媒体解释说:“在公司法领域,全世界的法律人都知道‘刺穿法人面纱’这个基本概念。把这个概念进一步延伸,刺穿伪造讼因的面纱、看透诉讼本因,避免法律程序和司法资源被滥用于非法利益,是所有司法和仲裁机构履职的当然之理。身为裁判,南海仲裁庭未能发现菲律宾单方面提起诉讼的真相,或者对真相视而不见,反而跟着菲律宾的小伎俩走,这是严重失职。”

傅崐成对南海仲裁庭给《公约》造成的伤害深感痛心和担忧。他说:“100多个国家经过9年艰苦谈判达成的《联合国海洋法公约》,却遭遇这样一种不幸的局面:一个退休的日本外交官、碰巧也是参与安倍政府修改日本和平宪法的人,指派了一个太太来自当事国的人任庭长,集合四个人组建了一个所谓仲裁庭,在另一当事国不承认其合法性的情况下,对《公约》条款明确规定无管辖权的争端事项作出了有管辖权的决定。这是在伤害《公约》,是在践踏国际法。”

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