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中国维和警察南苏丹生死瞬间:日常缺少饭和水

2016-02-16 08:25:35   白云怡

【环球时报记者 白云怡】“在我们动身之前,在本提乌工作过的人告诉我们说那儿是一个Paradise(天堂)。抵达后我们才发现,天堂的意思是生活在那里的人们不吃饭、不喝水”,今年年初抵达南苏丹本提乌执行海外维和任务的江苏省民警章策对《环球时报》记者说。在这样的条件下,中国维和人员在本提乌过了一个不寻常的春节。而这只是中国驻外维和人员生活中的一个小插曲,他们所付出的艰辛远远超过了这些。

本提乌是南苏丹北部的一座边境城镇。许多中国人或许对南苏丹这个万里之外的国家并不了解:这个世界上最年轻的国家曾经历了非洲历史上最长时间的内战,经济落后萧条。2011年7月9日脱离苏丹宣布独立后,南苏丹又于2013年爆发战乱,丁卡和努尔两大种族之间为争夺权力和石油利益发生冲突,导致该国政治局势动荡复杂、安全形势十分严峻。在这样的形势下,联合国分别在南苏丹建立了6个难民营,并派出联合国维和警察保护难民的安全,而南苏丹也成了世界上唯一以保护平民为重任的联合国维和任务区。

今年1月,由江苏公安机关13名民警组成的中国维和警队抵达南苏丹,他们分别被部署在首都朱巴、马拉卡、本提乌和瓦乌四地。在国内,这些民警们分别从事政工、出入境、巡特警、派出所等不同警种,但在接下来的一年中他们有了一个共同的任务:保护南苏丹联合国营区内的20万难民。

中国赴南苏丹维和警队的队长名叫薛强。他2005年曾赴利比里亚维和,2008年又参加苏丹维和任务,此次南苏丹之行已经是他第三次参加中国海外维和任务了。这一次,他和其他3名队员被分在了南苏丹首都朱巴,这里有近5万难民。“我们都被分在了第一线,对难民进行24小时的保护。

在工作中,维和警察们随时要面临各式各样的危险。以首都朱巴为例,那里的难民营周边盘踞着很多黑帮势力,他们非法持有武器,从事杀人、强奸、抢劫等严重暴力犯罪活动,这对在那里工作的维和警察们的生命安全带来了严重威胁。“晚上在难民营周围时常有流弹,我们执勤的队员必须穿戴防弹衣和头盔,确保安全”,队长薛强说。

而让同在朱巴难民营工作的民警杨烁震惊的是几天前的一起难民营内的恶性斗殴事件。难民营中不同民族和家庭之间时常发生大规模的斗殴,人数从数十人到上百人不等,使用的武器也没有“上限”。“我还记得那是今年1月30日,有两个积怨已久的家族因为食品和物资分配的问题打起来了。我们赶去处理的时候,他们正要使用手榴弹。幸亏最后手榴弹没有引爆,不然我可能就‘报销’了”,杨烁对《环球时报》记者说,“平常我们执勤的时候,经常能从难民营中搜检出他们藏匿的大砍刀、手榴弹等武器,即使不时组织突击搜查行动也无法阻止营区内武器泛滥的情况。”

不过,比起在外地工作的同事们,首都朱巴的民警们尚属“幸运”,至少他们可以购买到食品和饮用水。而对于在本提乌和马拉卡工作的维和人员来说,这些保障最基本生活的物资也是一大难题。“在冲突以后,本提乌已成为一座空城,基础设施全被摧毁,到处是断壁残垣,没有手机信号,没有商店和市场,根本买不到饮用水和食品。每天联合国营地内的食物供给全部依赖飞机从首都朱巴空运,工作人员每天的饮食、饮水都是定时定量供应。在这里能吃饱肚子喝足水就已是一件非常幸福的事”,在本提乌执行维和任务的章策对《环球时报》记者说。于是,在物资严重紧缺的南苏丹,午餐肉、罐头、方便面等平常人眼里的“垃圾食品”竟也成了中国维和警察心中的“宝物”。“我们还从国内带去了空心菜、黄瓜、丝瓜等蔬菜种子,打算在南苏丹上演一出‘南泥湾’,在艰苦的条件下自给自足”,在朱巴的维和警察张忠付说。

自2000年以来,公安部已向联合国9个维和任务派出维和警察2307人次,广大维和警察创造并保持了“无一遣返、无一违纪、无一战斗伤亡”的纪录,赢得了国际社会的广泛赞誉。

责任编辑:汤鹏霏 CM015
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