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中国建4.5万吨采矿船 可采2500米深海稀有金属(图)

2017-09-07 08:55:29   参考消息

该方案的远期设想,是将小行星作为太空中转站,为人类建立空间设施及星际航行转移系统提供基础材料,开展更深远探测任务。

星际航行平台方案将对小行星的轨道进行利用。其设想是,让探测器在小行星表面着陆,或休眠或开展探测,其间将小行星作为摆渡平台。当小行星到达合适的位置,探测器再飞向深空目标。此举可减少探测器的推进剂需求,降低探测器规模或拓展探测距离。未来,人类还能在小行星上建立密闭的大型生态循环系统,利用小行星的能源收集和供给维持系统运行;利用小天体自转产生的离心力模拟地球重力环境,以满足宇航员的居住要求,形成一个个太空移动家园。

设想很美好,和现实之间却隔着众多技术坎。叶培建说,小行星探测在“选、探、控、用”等方面涉及诸多关键核心技术。比如在选择小行星目标时,涉及参数识别与分析、科学价值评估、工程可行性分析等;对目标小行星开展前期探测,要解决长时间星际飞行电源与燃料供给、深空暗弱目标自主导航,以及弱引力天体的捕获、着陆与附着、表面运动等问题;对于选择并到达的小行星目标,需解决如何在近距离实现小行星操控作业的问题,包括消除小行星的自旋,偏移它的轨道或将其转移至目标区域等。

对小行星资源进行开发利用时,首先要攻克原位资源利用技术。叶培建说,这是勘测、获取地外天体的天然或废弃资源,用于维持可长期在地外生存产品和服务的技术。包括对目的地的勘测、勘探,原始资源的采集和预处理,原始资源转化为推进剂、能源、生保等消耗品的加工生产过程,以及支持原位资源利用的工厂和设备支持。

会上,中科院紫金山天文台台长杨戟向叶培建颁发了“叶培建星”命名铜匾、命名证书。据了解,紫金山天文台于2007年9月11日发现了国际编号为456677号的小行星。

(科技日报北京5月8日电)


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