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中国建4.5万吨采矿船 可采2500米深海稀有金属(图)

2017-09-07 08:55:29   参考消息

2014年,中国的首艘水下采矿船开始在海南岛开采锆矿和钛矿。当时,该船的制造商上海崇和实业有限公司说,大多数海底矿藏开采仅局限于浅于40米的海床,而该艘船舶可以在水下80米到100米的海底作业。

不清楚中国是如何能够在短短几年时间里在造船技术上取得如此巨大的进步的,但这一发展是与中国开发深海矿藏的目标相一致的。

中国的深海研究载人潜水器“蛟龙”号自2010年投入使用,下潜深度达到7000多米。

中国已经在4个国际水域拥有采矿权。

在其他深海项目上,中国也进行了大量投资。去年,中国成立了一个专家组进行深海多金属结核矿开采试验项目。在就职仪式上,该专家组成员被告知必须理解他们此行的政治和历史意义。

中国国土资源部说,深海充满了宝藏,但要获得这些宝藏,就必须掌握进入深海,和在深海开采矿藏的技术。(编译/林朝晖)

更多阅读:去小行星采矿,中国10年内就能做到

——叶培建院士展望小行星资源开发

科技日报记者付毅飞

我国著名空间飞行器总体、信息处理专家叶培建院士8日表示,小行星资源开发必将是未来航天发展方向之一。“我国只要去做,10年内就能开展示范性工程;要实现大规模开采,大约需要50年左右。”他说。

科技日报记者从当日在中国航天科技集团公司五院举行的小行星探测学术报告会上了解到,小行星特别是近地小行星,是近期最有价值的太空探索目标之一。五院月球和深空探测领域办公室技术负责人黄江川认为,我国应在“十四五”期间实施一次高起点、标志性的小行星探测任务。

叶培建在会上表示,利用小行星天体自身的轨道特性、物质特性等,开发的可能性有很多。例如有些小行星稀有金属含量能达到地球的数倍,价值几十万亿美元;小行星整体也可以作为巨型航天器进行开发。目前主要的设想方案,包括将其作为资源开发平台和星际航行平台。

资源开发平台近期方案设想是,捕获一颗小行星,将其控制在可达范围内,然后开展机器人或载人资源开采,获取小行星上的稀有资源后返回地球。或者直接利用小行星的矿物资源,开展在轨建造工作等。

“从未来载人小行星探测的衔接性、提取小行星资源支持后续深空探测任务角度,以及捕获后对地球的碰撞威胁、动力学可行性角度考虑,我国未来实施的小行星捕获任务,或许会将小行星‘抓’到环月高轨或日地拉格朗日2点。”叶培建说。


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