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中国"14年抗战"历史教材9月1日起在全国投用(图)

2017-08-31 08:54:06   法制晚报

抗战时长说法的变化,是一种“统合”。在此前的教材中,1931年“九一八”事变至1937年“七七事变”之间,谓“局部抗战”;七七事变之后,谓“全面抗战”。均为“抗战”。

但事情也并不简单。教材虽小,每次改正,均牵动大局。为何官方突然有此变化?

判断

先下一个判断:这是一次落实中央精神的改动。

2015年的九三阅兵,习近平开篇即谈:“70年前的今天,中国人民经过长达14年艰苦卓绝的斗争,取得了中国人民抗日战争的伟大胜利,宣告了世界反法西斯战争的完全胜利,和平的阳光再次普照大地。”

而早在2015年7月,在主持中央政治局集体学习时,习近平就有过类似的论述:“我们不仅要研究七七事变后全面抗战八年的历史,而且要注重研究九一八事变后十四年抗战的历史,十四年要贯通下来统一研究。要以事实批驳歪曲历史、否认和美化侵略战争的错误言论。”

事实上,这次改动,也已酝酿许久、至此完成。而这一改动,不仅是落实近年来抗战研究成果的举动,更是给予这段抗战史以确定的承认与尊重。

这种“承认与尊重”,也落实在九三阅兵当天。

当天,在阅兵队伍中,“东北抗联英模部队方队”从天安门前走过。电视里的画外音是:“东北抗日联军是中国共产党创建最早的抗日武装。白山黑水、冰天雪地,他们14年周旋苦战,牵制了数十万日伪正规军。杨靖宇、赵一曼、赵尚志,一个个英雄的名字永垂史册。”

传承

那么,为什么之前又有“八年抗战”的说法呢?

中共党史出版社出版的《中国共产党历史上的1000个为什么》中说:“(八年与十四年)两种提法一直在不同的场合、不同的角度、不同的语言环境下使用,已经约定俗成。其实质内容没有矛盾。”

“约定俗成”,说明来源已经不甚明晰。的确,1937年的七七事变,是停留在当时绝大多数人的记忆中全面抗战的开始。


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