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专家建议:对一线和部分二线热点城市试点房产税

2017-08-03 02:24:41   经济参考报

业内人士表示,充足的住宅用地供应是实现楼市供需平衡、防止市场大起大落的基础,应该科学制定城市中长期土地供应计划,并对完成率进行刚性约束。

“房地产市场以往的‘过热’或高库存,很大程度上是供应结构失衡所致,其病根在于各城市政府对供应规模和供应结构缺乏长期有效的把控。”广东省房协会长王韶建议,应支持各城市通过自主调整城市建设土地规划边界,自主调整城市各类用地的规划功能。

当前,城市群、都会区成城市化新趋势,单一的城市规划已不适应时代需要。深圳市规划国土委员会副主任王东说,我国各大城市土地资源由历史上行政区划决定,如果仅仅根据各个城市既有的土地面积来确定建设用地的规模,就会导致土地面积小的城市在商品房用地指标上严重不足,建议中央出台政策鼓励超特大城市推进与周边城市的协调发展,从城市群总体规划的角度来配置土地资源,支持超特大城市加大与周边城市城际公共交通建设力度,促进城市群产业、教育、医疗、住房等资源的共建共享。

专家还表示,在土地供应上,地方政府也应该树立新型房地产观。“去房地产化”不是不要房地产,而是不要把土地集中在商业住宅,同时要发展养老地产、物流地产、休闲地产等复合型地产。

完善房地产财税金融制度

长期以来,土地资源成为地方政府融资的工具,“土地财政”是建立房地产长效机制绕不过去的“坎”。专家及业内人士表示,房地产税作为地方财政收入的稳定来源是国际通行做法,应加快房地产税制改革,扩大房产税试点,进而构建有利于房地产市场长效机制建设的税收支撑体系。

记者采访了解到,近年来国家通过调整增值税、个人所得税等手段抑制投机、投资需求,但在实际交易中,买家税费全部转嫁至购房者身上,硬性的交易成本导致房价持续上升。特别是在一二线重点城市老城区优质地段的房屋,基本上都是买家负担全部税费。

“我国房地产领域主要是流转税,持有阶段的税负较轻,在卖方市场下容易发生税负转移现象。应推进保有环节税收制度构建,经过多年积淀,我国一线城市和部分二线城市已具备先行征收房地产税的基础条件。”广东省地产商会秘书长黄朝晖建议,在重庆、上海房产税试点基础上,对一线和部分二线热点城市先行试点征收房产税。

不少专家认为,购买住房而不居住不仅是投机炒作,也是巨大的资源浪费。可以借鉴国际经验通过征收住房空置税来打击炒房行为,从而将空置的存量住房逼入市场,有效增加住房供给。

责任编辑:穆启春 CN063
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