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中国太阳能电池板老化隐忧 回收利用面临挑战

2017-08-01 00:28:24   参考消息

江苏省南京芳润物质回收有限公司回收废弃的太阳能电池板。该公司总经理田敏(音)表示,太阳能发电行业是一个滴答作响的定时炸弹。他说:“如果估计正确,它将在二三十年的时间内全面爆炸,并对环境造成极大的破坏。”他补充说:“这个行业浪费严重,而且回收不易。”

太阳能电池板包含诸如铅和铜等金属,并且还有铝框架。太阳能电池由纯的结晶硅组成,包裹在一层厚厚的塑料膜之下。

据报道,在欧洲,一些公司已经开发出复杂的技术来回收太阳能电池板90%以上的材料。

不过,西方技术在中国可能会面临很大的困难。

报道称,中国的太阳能发电厂大部分位于内蒙古戈壁等贫困偏远地区,而大部分回收再利用工业都在太平洋沿岸的发达地区。

田敏表示,长距离运输这些庞大的太阳能电池板可能非常昂贵。

另一个成本来自分离和净化废料,这个过程不仅需要大量劳动力和电力投入,而且还会产生可能对环境造成危害的化学物质,如酸性物质等。

他说:“如果循环再造厂每一步都按章办事进行排放,以达到低污染物排放的目的,那么它们的产品最终会比新的原材料还要贵。”

今年1公斤硅晶体的成本约为13美元,预计未来十年的价格将下降30%。田敏称,这将使再生硅更难销售。

尽管如此,一家太阳能发电回收公司的销售经理认为,有办法处理中国的太阳能垃圾。“他们正在将这些电阳能电池板转售给生活在沙漠中的家庭。在那里,有很多土地来安装大量的太阳能电池板,弥补它们的低性能。”这位经理补充说。

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