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高温津贴调查:有人没拿到 有地方多年标准不变

2017-07-16 20:19:35   新华网

记者在北京街头采访了数名建筑工人、快递师傅、停车场管理员等户外劳动者,他们中的很多人表示没有拿到高温津贴。有的说不了解相关政策,有的说知道政策却并不敢向领导要。在北京西城区某停车场,一位管理员说:“给不给还不是老板说了算。”

不按时、不按标准发放高温津贴的情况多年来一直存在。据了解,2016年夏天,在东部某个副省级城市集中开展用人单位夏季防暑降温政策法规执行情况的专项检查中,劳动保障监察部门发现,有的单位高温津贴没有随6、7月份的工资一起发放,而是要等到9月份时集中发放;有的单位不了解新的高温津贴发放标准,仍然按照旧标准进行发放。

此外,记者调查了解到,一些地区的高温津贴标准多年不变,未根据当地的经济发展及天气情况进行调整。

例如,广东现行的高温津贴标准制定于2012年,每人每月150元。事实上,早在2007年,广东便出台《关于公布广东省高温津贴标准的通知》:室外作业及高温作业人员每人每月150元;非高温作业人员每人每月100元。记者对比两个文件发现,除了将室内外高温津贴标准调至一致外,津贴标准始终停留在最高150元的水平。

“10年前买一瓶矿泉水五毛钱,现在涨到两块钱。但高温津贴的标准却一成不变,这不太合理。”广东某国企员工柳女士说。记者了解到,湖南现行高温津贴标准制定于2005年,每人每月150元;河南则执行2008年制定的每人每工作日10元的高温津贴标准。

专家建议加强对重点行业的监督,落实轮休和缩短工作时间等规定

多年来,高温津贴的落实一直是个难题。多名受访者认为,需加大监督检查力度,督促用人单位落实防暑降温的主体责任。同时,要加强对劳动者的政策宣传,提高他们的维权意识。

广东省社科院法律与治理现代化研究中心助理研究员黄硕说,有关部门每年都会进行相关执法检查,建筑、餐饮、快递等行业的问题比较突出,应将这些行业作为重点进行监督检查,严肃查处侵害劳动者权益的违法行为。

有专家建议,应该健全、完善职工高温津贴制度,及时适当调整高温津贴标准,通过工会等协助劳动者与企业平等协商,把高温天气劳动保护等写进劳动合同。

记者注意到,天津市已经建立起高温津贴标准的动态调整机制。即把上年度的职工月平均工资除以职工月平均工作天数21.75天,再乘以12%。2016年度,天津市职工月平均工资为5265元,以此推算,2017年的高温津贴标准为每天29元。

黄硕表示,高温津贴标准如何制定和调整,应当举办听证会,让更多高温下的劳动者参与讨论,更好地保护他们的权益。

此外,有专家提出,除了发放津贴,还应科学调整高温下劳动者的作息时间。按照《防暑降温措施管理办法》要求,日最高气温达到35℃以上、37℃以下时,企业应当采取换班轮休等方式,缩短劳动者连续作业时间,并且不得安排室外露天作业劳动者加班。但记者采访发现,仍有很多工地为了赶工期,让工人顶着烈日酷暑加班干活。

重庆市安监局总工程师何建平认为,对于违反国家劳动保障法律、行政法规有关工作时间、工资和津贴规定,侵害劳动者劳动保障权益的用人单位要依法责令其改正并给予严厉的惩戒。(参与采写:魏董华、黄浩苑、胡林果)

责任编辑:孙启浩 CN037
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