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高温热浪席卷全国 想知道最热的是哪里吗?

2017-07-13 13:12:22   京华时报

这几天全国多地高温难耐。10日,河北南部、山西中南部、陕西中部、新疆中南部等地最高气温有40~42℃,新疆吐鲁番普遍达到了47~49℃;新疆、宁夏、甘肃、陕西、四川等地有31个县市日最高气温突破历史极值。

11日起,全国高温范围将继续扩大,局地可达40℃。此次高温天气过程持续时间长、局部强度大,北方的高温以晴热为主,而南方的高温以闷热为主。

7月11日,河北、河南、重庆等多地发布高温预警。其中,河北省气象台升级发布高温红色预警,预计今天下午河北保定、廊坊及以南大部分地区最高气温可达37-39℃,局地超过40℃。

中央气象台预计,未来十天,我国中东部地区将迎来今年范围最广、强度最强的高温天气过程!

面对高温,很多人觉得是不是今年更热了?其实未必,历史数据显示,2013年7月23日至8月14日,南方出现了连续23天的高温天气;同年7月25日至8月9日,北方也出现了连续16日的高温天气,其中河北中南部、陕西关中地区的高温日数达10天以上。

这些年来,一到夏天大家都拼命喊热,各地小伙伴也都叫苦连连。那么到底哪里最热?近日,中国气象局国家气候中心发布了一份关于中国夏季炎热城市情况的榜单。其中,排在前四位的重庆、福州、杭州、南昌四个城市被不少网友称为“新四大火炉”。不过,近30年的历史统计数据告诉我们,这几个“新火炉”其实早就“榜上有名”了。

比如根据1981年到2010年的数据来看,高温城市主要是下面这些:

从图中可以看出来,重庆、南昌等地早前已经是非常热的城市了,现在进入前四也不意外。

如果抛开省会城市/直辖市的限制,有这样一个地方可以制霸“火炉界”:火焰山的所在地——新疆吐鲁番。这里的夏季,38℃以上的高温是家常便饭,重庆也完全无法与其匹敌……

有些在夏季能让人热到窒息的城市,气温极值却未必突出。武汉、广州等城市在高温极值上就落后于很多北方城市。气温低却更炎热,靠的是这些……

聊到这里,也不得不说一个比较严肃的问题:“火炉城市”和夏季高温频频成为讨论和调侃的话题,其背后的气候变暖现象更值得人们的重视。从1954年开始,中国各地的平均气温呈现何种走势,看看下面这张动图上的颜色变化,你就能够了解。

在我国整体气温持续变暖的趋势下,大多数城市的平均气温自然顺势“水涨船高”。不过,以往被称为传统“四大火炉”的武汉、长沙在今年的炎热城市榜单中跌出前四名,也印证了“逆势降温”的必要和可行性。

(原标题:高温热浪席卷全国 想知道最热的是哪里吗?)

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