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23省份2016年平均工资出炉:北京最高东北垫底

2017-07-03 20:59:34   中国经济周刊

第三是跟中央财政的转移支付有关。“近年来,中央财政对西部地区的转移支付逐年加大,大大改善了地区之间人均财力水平的状况,使得西部人均财力接近东部。”

关于中央财政对地方的转移支付,原财政部长谢旭人曾做过一个比喻,“在转移支付以前,如果东部地区是作为100计算的话,中部地区只有35,西部地区只有40左右,转移支付以后,东部人均财力水平如果是100的话,西部已经达到了97,中部达到76到77,分配的均衡度大大提高。”

中部排名尴尬,河南非私营单位平均工资垫底

城镇非私营单位平均工资前十位中,没有中部省份;城镇私营单位前十位中,中部仅安徽一个省份入席,排名第7位。

这意味着,目前公布数据的23个省份中,中部地区省份城镇就业人员的平均工资较低,其中,河南垫底。

河南非私营单位年平均工资水平在23个省份中是最低的,仅为49505元;虽然与2015年的45403元相比,增加了4102元,同比名义增长9.0%,增速比2015年加快1.4个百分点,但相比全国其他省份依然落后。

与排名第一的北京相比,河南的差距可不小。北京非私营单位年平均工资是河南的2.42倍,私营单位年平均工资是河南的1.97倍。比不了北京,即便跟全国平均数67569元相比,还差了18064元,仅为全国平均数的73%。

河南为什么会全国垫底?张世贤认为:“首先,河南是全国劳动力供给第一大省,劳动力供给大于需求,工资上涨自然慢一些。其次,河南近几年虽然工业化水平提高比较快,但是真正意义上的城市化水平还比较低,大量在城市、城镇就业的人,农民工的比例较大,这样就拉低了河南整体的工资水平。”

公开数据也印证了张世贤的判断。5月25日,由河南省社会科学院出版的《河南社会蓝皮书(2017)》指出,2016年河南省的生产总值增速为8.1%,全省居民收入增速为7.7%,低于生产总值增速。该省生产总值增速比全国平均水平高1.4个百分点,但城乡居民收入与全国平均水平的差距却在拉大,特别是农村居民收入甚至出现了较大幅度的下降。这反映出河南经济发展的质量有待提高,经济的快速发展并没有给民众带来切实的利益。

东北工资增长缓慢,吉林私营单位平均工资全国垫底

东北的工资水平表现依然令人堪忧。

从已经公布的数据看,东北城镇非私营单位年平均工资为54872元,位列东、西、中部之后;城镇私营单位年平均工资为33184元,跟东、西、中三大区域相比,同样垫底。

分省份看,截至6月28日,东北3省仅有吉林省公布了平均工资。数据显示,吉林省城镇非私营单位年平均工资为56098元。这个数据高于河南、山西、河北三省,排名第19位。该省城镇私营单位年平均工资为30184元,目前全国垫底。“东北平均工资增长缓慢是历史原因造成的。”张世贤告诉《中国经济周刊》记者,东北作为老工业基地,国有大企业众多,原来的工资基数要比中部高,但是这些年东北经济发展缓慢,工资上涨也缓慢。

不过,随着今年一季度东北经济回暖,或许能在一定程度上提高当地的平均工资水平。

从经济数据上看,2017年东北城镇就业人员平均工资提高还是可以期待的。张世贤提醒说:“东北地区要提高工资水平,最根本的还是要调整供给侧产业结构,增加技术创新、文化创意等新型产业的就业占比,这样工资收入自然就会提高。”

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