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中央查处这件事 让一些地方“形同十级地震”

2017-06-19 07:17:51   侠客岛

事发后,根据江苏省自行排查的结果,该省共发现“地条钢”企业63家,合计产能1233万吨,分布于10个地市。《中国经济周刊》长期跟踪采访发现,这10个地市,“地条钢”泛滥成灾,一些地方甚至“镇镇点火”,在当地政府的默许甚至鼓励之下,形成了多年的“地条钢”产业集群。

“小强”

“地条钢”之所以屡禁不绝,说到底,还是因为有利可图。

一位靠“地条钢”完成原始积累的老板向经济ke介绍,在钢材价格连年上涨的旺季,用废钢生产的各类“地条钢”,一吨利润高达千元,一晚上就可获利上万元,用“地条钢”拉成的螺纹、角钢等,利润还要更高。

而即使是钢价平淡的年份,生产“地条钢”因为不需报批、审核,不存在一些制度和交易成本等,其生产成本比正规钢材要少30%以上,因此,其利润在一般年份也要达到每吨数百元,赢利依然可观。

而且,“地条钢”生产几乎没有什么环保投入,环保成本又省一笔。而目前钢铁行业水平较高的企业,生产一吨钢材的环保成本在200元左右,水平一般的也超过120元。此外,“地条钢”厂常常选择在夜间生产,不仅是为了躲避工商、质监和环保等部门的查处,还因为夜里电费相对便宜。

在“地条钢”老板们看来,对于“地大物博”的中国来说,既需要宝钢、沙钢那样的大钢厂来生产优质高价的好钢材,也需要他们这样游走在法律边缘的小钢厂生产低价钢。“鱼有鱼路、虾有虾路,两者各取所需、各有活路。”

在15年的时间里,怀着侥幸心理获利的,不仅仅是生产者。在这条产业链条上,不仅有企业的唯利是图,有地方政府的权利寻租,甚至连“假记者”,也能分得一杯羹。

“功臣”

“以前地方政府是‘睁一只眼闭一只眼’。其实地方政府随时可以让他们死,只需一个简单的动作——拉下电闸,为何没这么做?是因为他们也有所需。”上述那位“地条钢”老板告诉经济ke。

没错,曾经“地条钢”也是当地经济发展的“功臣”。

江苏省新沂市双塘镇一位官员告诉《中国经济周刊》,新沂所有小钢厂均未取得合法手续,用地手续都是临时性的,也没有污染防治设施。但这些国家明令禁止的“地条钢”厂却全是市里和镇里招商引资企业,招商政绩关系到一些领导的“乌纱帽”。虽然群众对这些钢厂意见大、投诉多,曾多次希望镇里采取措施关停钢厂,但镇里领导就是顶住不办,声称一旦停产就会给企业造成损失,其实是一些领导害怕自己的利益受到损失。

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