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更先进!长征八号、长征九号最新研发进展披露

2017-06-09 09:40:07   中国军网

种种迹象表明,低成本进入太空正迎来难得的发展机遇,中国也在探索具体路径。我国正在开展低成本运载火箭长征八号的研制工作,“前期论证已基本完成,即将进入正式工程化设计和制造阶段,预计最快将在2018年完成研制,实现首飞。”鲁宇介绍。

长征八号采用两级半构型,低轨运载能力7.6吨,太阳同步轨道运载能力为5吨左右,它将弥补中国现役运载火箭在太阳同步轨道和地球同步轨道发射能力上的“空档”,也将弥补我国新一代大型火箭和中型火箭之间的“空档”。

鲁宇说,长征八号运用了我国现已成熟的长征七号和长征五号运载火箭的动力,并采用长征十一号、长征三号甲火箭第三级的技术,大大降低研发成本,参与国际竞争将更有优势。

2016年11月3日20时43分,我国最大推力新一代运载火箭长征五号在中国文昌航天发射场点火升空。记者冯凯旋摄(资料图)

可天地往返,中国重复使用运载器“三步走”

作为降低航天发射成本的重要途径,重复使用运载器也是各航天强国竞相研发的重点。

2016年我国发布的航天白皮书中指出,未来中国将开展低成本运载火箭、新型上面级、天地往返可重复使用运输系统等技术研究。

鲁宇说,我国正在开展重复使用运载火箭技术研究,包括了伞降回收和垂直起降技术,目前完成部分试验验证,一些关键技术取得突破。

在重复使用技术上,鲁宇认为,重复使用的目的是为了降低成本,而不是仅仅实现重复。我国要走符合自己国情的发展道路,要考虑我国火箭发动机现有的能力和特点,以及现在的火箭构型怎样实现低成本。

中国航天科技集团公司一院副院长王国庆认为,实践证明,通过可重复使用运输系统来降低进入太空的成本是可实现的,但并非唯一途径,还可以通过优化航天工业管理等途径来降低成本。此外,航天发射要求高可靠性、安全性,可重复使用运输系统在这方面会面临较大技术挑战。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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