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长征五号总师揭秘起飞前惊魂163分钟(图)

2017-05-28 18:51:49   中国网

娄路亮事后解释道,屡次暂停倒计时是因为数据传输显示出现了故障,并非火箭本身的原因。操作人员没有及时得到相关数据,按照规定可以暂停流程。

20点43分,长征五号在等待了163分钟后终于缓缓升空、出塔、穿入云霄,约30分钟后与载荷组合体成功分离,首飞成功。

“这是我们遇到的挑战和风险最大的一次发射。”王珏感叹。

回顾惊心动魄的2个多小时,李东表示,发现问题时,年轻团队判断准确、处置果断,尤其是重置倒计时,需要相当大的勇气。“这是研制团队技术过硬、有自信心的表现,是年轻一代航天人成熟的表现。”他说。

十年历练走向成熟

“长五”团队能够如此成熟自信,源于长达十年的艰辛铸箭之路。

近20层楼高的长征五号,起飞推力超过1000吨,足够让10架波音747齐飞;25吨级的运载能力几乎可将3个天宫二号同时送入太空。但这型具有划时代意义的火箭,在研制过程中也面临了我国运载火箭发展史上多项空前的技术难题。

从立项到首飞十年间,王珏、李东带领团队,创造性地提出全新方案、采用新技术、全面系统综合和优化,先后突破了以12项重大关键技术为代表的247项关键技术,使全箭新技术比例几乎达到100%,远远超过“30%以内”的国际惯例。

长征五号的箭体直径达到国内空前的5米,这给设计、仿真、制造及地面各种试验,都带来了革命性的改变。研制团队突破了大型低温贮箱和多集中力壳段结构设计与验证等技术,实现了我国火箭直径从3.35米向5米的跨越,为我国未来大规模开发利用空间资源奠定了坚实基础。

虽然个头大,但长征五号很智能。研制团队突破了发动机联合摇摆、大型运载火箭实时卸载+主动导引+预测关机的复合控制、助推器多点支撑起飞主动抗漂移控制等5项世界首创的控制技术,让火箭不仅能在规定位置做规定动作,还能根据情况随机应变、闪转腾挪。

团队还首次引入了数字化设计手段,实现了数字化模装替代实物模装,完成了型号数字化设计、分析、试验,大大缩短了研制周期、节约了研制经费。

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