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媒体:共享经济是创业风口还是资本做局?

2017-05-18 01:23:36   侠客岛

从基本面上看,中国有十几亿的人口,移动互联网普及,为互联网创业提供的庞大的潜在用户和待激活的市场,加之国人高频次的出行需求,和打车难、最后一公里的痛点,滴滴和共享单车的高估值有其合理性。用“风投教父”阎焱的话说,“如果你是一个线下公司,估值不可能非常高。因为你的成长,只是一个传统的商业模式的成长速度。只有当你把所有业务都在网上完成,你的成长性才有可能飞快,估值的可测量性才会这么高。”在国际上,Uber的市值也超过了通用、福特、本田等诸多汽车制造商。

但要维系天量的估值,让投资人们看到盈利预期,却不是太容易。要么,你有高高增长的业务和盈利支撑,要么,你就得给资本市场讲出新的故事。否则,高估值只是空中楼阁,泡沫总会破——这样的例子,在创投圈屡见不鲜。

以滴滴为例,在垄断后的补贴取消和网约车新政的影响下,滴滴丧失了价格优势,流失了注册司机数量,数据显示,滴滴的活跃用户呈现下滑。新一轮融资中,滴滴的新故事是,要依托人工智能技术优势,已具备条件“在智能驾驶和智慧交通方面取得系统性突破”。看上去,这一故事的兑现还需较长时间检验。

时下最火的共享单车也不是没有风险。一是巨额的押金池如何监管;二是无桩单车给城市管理带来的难题,管理部门还没有明确的态度。这种政策风险不会不来,只会迟来。

因此,站在投资者的角度,逻辑就很明确:要么想办法呵护好这些独角兽的天价估值;要么做出更高的估值卖给下家;要么等待上市,让公众投资者来买。

嗯,看上去很像一个击鼓传花的资本游戏。每个人都在等人接盘,也深信有人接盘。

接盘

谁来接盘?

理论上说,一个创投项目完整的投资基本路径是:种子—天使投资—VC(风险投资)—PE(私募股权投资)—IPO(或并购)。随着用户数增长、营收及利润的逐步实现,每一轮新的融资,早先一轮的投资人都要求合理的投资增值倍数退出,以更高的价格卖给下家。

换句话说,创业者的盘天使接,天使的盘VC接,VC的盘PE接,PE的盘谁来接?上市后“大妈”接——俗称“割韭菜”。

“大妈”走过的路叫做套路。当年红极一时的P2P、O2O、虚拟现实、在线教育、大娱乐生态圈……如今怎样了?

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