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28省取消二级公路收费 取消高速公路收费还会远吗?

2017-05-08 07:20:13   央视网

二级公路收费取消了一级公路和高速公路收费的取消还会远吗?

从政策的态度来看,取消公路收费会成为一种趋势,但从公路建设速度和收支缺口继续扩大等情况看,收费公路还是会长期存在的。具体而言,政府还贷的二级公路的收费占比已经很小。以2015年度为例,它只占了政府还贷公路通行费收入的2%。因此,取消的其实是小头,在收的是大头。也只有准确地认识到这一点,才能避免对于“28省取消政府还贷二级公路收费”这样的新闻的过度渲染。

这不是要抹杀取消收费的意义,而是为了指明中国公路里程快速增长下的一个真相:修路是一门财政学,收费公路将长期存在。据《2015年全国收费公路统计公报》所显示的,与2014年相比,尽管二级公路里程净减8761公里,下降27.7%,但是高速公路里程净增10283公里,增长9.6%,而一级公路里程基本保持不变,全国收费公路总里程是净增的。收费公路总里程在净增,主要是因为收费公路里程结构发生巨大变化带来的。

公路收费不是单纯的利益问题涉及到我们怎么对待契约精神

脱离财政能力谈修路是不现实的。在各地发展交通的强烈意愿全面,国家的财政永远是不足的,为了满足交通发展的需求,这几年收费公路整体债务规模继续扩大。如果修路是一种“善”,收费是一种“恶”,可能在较长一段时间内,我们不得不同时拥抱善恶,继续利用好收费公路政策。何况,收费公路投资中有超过一半的社会资本,本着契约精神,这部分公路注定会按照合同继续收费,也只有保证收费的稳定预期,才能增强投资者信心,积极参与高速公路投融资PPP中。

只要财政允许不妨让利于民

当然,继续收费与减少收费的努力并不矛盾。对于已经取消收费的公路来说,就要防止再巧立名目变相收费;对于还在收费的公路而言,要进一步加大信息公开和监督力度,控制乱收费;对于整个国家收费公路发展而言,则需要进一步降本增效,比如进一步增加高速路ETC使用,减少人力成本;比如进一步加大以区域为单位的高速集约化管理,降低单位里程高速公路的管理费用,提升公路网络规模效益。而只要财政允许,就应该继续让利于民,让减少收费成为一种趋势,将互联互通的成本继续降下来。

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