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媒体:不光官太太俱乐部!银监会又盯上了另一群人

2017-04-26 08:25:34   侠客岛

为何专门提到同业业务?

先科普一下同业业务的概念——同业业务是指金融机构之间开展的以投融资为核心的各项业务。据招商银行一名高管人士介绍,近年来随着银行大规模扩张,开展同业业务有助于银行增强主动负债能力和金融资源配置。然而,在这个过程中,一些银行开始过渡依赖这种融资方式进行套利,进而形成资金空转,增加了系统性风险。

关注同业业务,归根结底是为了降低系统性金融风险。近年来,国内同业存单发行量大幅增加,在此过程中,一些银行发行同业存单吸收资金,然后投放于同业资产,同业资产再投向标的资产。这一链条中,资金在各个环节层层加杠杆,利率逐环节上升,还有可能存在期限错配;同时,链条中的参与机构众多同业套利,就会变成层层嵌套,风险也逐级上升——这也是此次银监会发文严查的重点。

从目前国内银行业同业存单发行方来看,城商行、农商行等中小银行受影响会比较大。毕竟,目前此类银行已经占据了国内同业存单90%以上的发行份额。中国社科院金融研究所银行研究室主任曾刚表示,从今年监管风向来看,未来银行要回归本源,老老实实做传统业务,回归常态化,否则套利模式的风险将逐步显现。

问责

对于银行业目前存在的市场乱象,银监会不仅列出问题清单让银行加强自查,同时尽力弥补监管短板,加大处罚力度,“强监管、强问责”。

日前,银监会公布了今年一季度的处罚情况。一季度银监会共计作出行政处罚485件,罚没金额合计1.9亿元;处罚责任人员197名,其中,取消19人的高管任职资格,禁止11人从事银行业工作。仅3月29日一天,银监会机关就针对票据违规操作、掩盖不良、规避监管、乱收费用、滥用通道、违背国家宏观调控政策等市场乱象,作出了25件行政处罚决定,罚款金额合计4290万元

除了加大处罚力度,银监会也强调问责。针对此前部分金融产品出现权责不清的情况,银监会明确提出,对于交叉性金融产品,总体原则是资金来源于谁,谁就要承担管理责任,出了风险就要追究谁的责任;相应的监管机构也要承担监管责任。换句话说,出事了想甩锅,没那么容易。

此外,银监会还强调,对于机构应查而未查、应发现而未发现、应处理而未处理和处理不到位的问题,监管机构一经发现,从严从重处理——听起来是不是很像反腐中我们已经熟知的“主体责任”?如果拿这个来类比的话,最近,民政部原党组成员、中国老龄协会原会长陈传书,就因为“工作严重失职失责,监督管理不力,对有关问题的发生负有主要领导责任”,受到了撤职降级的处分。

政治腐败,损害的是政治生态,失去的是民心,侵蚀的是执政合法性。在这个意义上,金融腐败或监管不力,虽然看上去带着点“技术”成分,但因其手法隐蔽、不易查办,反而成为腐败更“喜欢”的场域。一个发审委员会的委员杨小树就能利用职权违规获利上亿,其中的逻辑和利益之巨,令人咋舌。

在此之下,国有企业和金融机构利用职务之便,损公肥私、侵吞甚至是“鲸吞”国有资产、违规交易、利益输送、权钱交易等现象和行为,其迹更隐,其害更甚。对此类金融腐败行为“一查到底”,不仅是十八大以来高压反腐的一贯逻辑延伸,更是维护中国经济肌体健康的应有之义。毕竟,对这些乱象,民众不满的情绪已经积累已久了。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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