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中央编办就“经济发达镇”体制改革答记者问

2016-12-28 10:37:23   人民日报

问:《指导意见》确定的主要改革任务有哪些?

答:一是扩大经济社会管理权限。省级政府可以将基层管理迫切需要且能够有效承接的一些县级管理权限赋予经济发达镇,制成目录向社会公布,明确镇政府为权力实施主体。加强相关立法,为经济发达镇扩大经济社会管理权限提供法律依据。二是构建简约精干的组织架构。立足基层工作实际,建立扁平高效的基层组织架构。加强行政执法和综合服务等前台机构建设,统一履行直接面对公民、法人的行政审批、公共服务和行政执法职责。整合内部决策、管理、监督、服务职责和工作力量,为前台工作提供后台支持和保障。三是推进集中审批服务和综合行政执法。打造综合便民高效的政务服务平台。整合现有的站、所、分局力量和资源,由经济发达镇统一管理并实行综合行政执法。四是建立务实高效的用编用人制度。在地方机构编制限额内,赋予经济发达镇灵活用人自主权。大力推行政府购买服务,由花钱养人向花钱办事转变。五是探索适应经济发达镇实际的财政管理模式。逐步明确经济发达镇政府事权和支出责任。完善与经济发达镇相关的财政分成办法。建立财政激励机制。有条件的地方,可安排专项资金对经济发达镇给予支持。六是创新基层服务管理方式。落实党建工作责任制,充分发挥基层党组织的战斗堡垒作用。健全基层综合服务管理体系。加大对基础设施建设及教育、卫生、文化等社会事业投入。促进政府治理和社会自我调节、居民自治良性互动。

问:如何做好与新型城镇化综合改革统筹结合?

答:深入推进经济发达镇行政管理体制改革,既要着力解决这些镇自身发展中遇到的行政体制问题,更要通过这些镇的发展,优化城镇布局和结构,吸纳农村劳动力就近转移,实现“离土不离乡、就业不离家、进厂不进城、就地城镇化”,充分发挥其对周边的辐射带动作用,提高新型城镇化质量水平和加快实现城乡统筹发展。《指导意见》明确提出,统筹推进经济发达镇行政管理体制改革和新型城镇化综合改革,赋予相同的土地、建设、金融扶持政策,形成改革合力。

问:如何正确认识经济发达镇行政管理体制改革和个别镇区划调整问题?

答:行政建制和区划的调整是事关全局的重大问题,需要在符合宪法和相关法律规定的前提下统筹推进。个别符合条件的镇通过区划调整设为市,也是一种改革探索。但设立镇级市,可能会增加行政层级,影响我国现行的行政区划基本格局,使机构编制和行政成本大幅增加。这种结果背离改革初衷,必须引起注意。从前期改革试点的经验看,很多试点镇通过扩大管理权限和创新体制机制,在破解经济发达镇体制机制障碍方面取得明显成效。改革后,试点镇综合实力更强,发展后劲更足,居民收入和生活水平明显提高,要素聚集能力大幅增强,对周边城镇和农村发展的辐射带动作用逐步显现。与经济和人口同等规模的县或县级市相比,许多试点镇财政供养人员仅占其10%左右,实现了现代行政所追求的低成本、高产出。实践证明,在行政建制不改变的前提下,制约经济发达镇的体制障碍是可以通过行政管理体制改革创新解决的。推进经济发达镇行政管理体制改革,关键在于扩大管理权限、创新体制机制和完善政府功能,在保持基层政权管理灵活和低行政成本优势的同时,增强其发展内生动力。对确需进行区划调整的,《指导意见》明确提出,可在符合法定标准、具备行政区划调整条件的前提下,稳妥有序推进设立市辖区或县级市工作。

问:如何确保《指导意见》贯彻落实到位?

答:《指导意见》要求各级党委切实履行领导责任,牢牢把握正确的改革方向。各省(自治区、直辖市)政府制定实施意见,认真研究部署,协调深入推进改革。市县政府细化政策措施,抓好组织实施。中央编办将会同中央有关部门成立工作小组,完善协调配合机制,加强督促检查和工作指导,及时研究解决改革中遇到的困难和问题。同时强调,要坚持因地制宜、统筹协调、积极稳妥。加强舆论引导,防止急于求成、政府包办等倾向,扩大社会参与,营造良好改革氛围,确保改革顺利平稳推进。

责任编辑:刘伟 CN067
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