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外媒:中国生育水平全球最低 二孩政策影响甚微

2016-12-04 07:24:42   参考消息

二孩政策”影响甚微年轻人追求前途

俄罗斯《生意人报》记者米哈伊尔·克洛斯基科夫指出,2016年1月1日,中国全面放开“二孩”政策,但此措施对生育数量几乎没有什么影响,而类似发达国家的因素却在起相反作用:年轻人追求前途、孩子教育成本高、不想让自己承担责任。

他称,中国人口问题威胁经济计划,商品和服务消费积极的青年人数量减少,将给中国领导人提出的从“出口型经济”向“内需型经济”转换政策造成阻力。可以期待中国最近几年内取消家庭规划中的其他限制,同时,中国医疗服务市场将暴涨,此市场对于不断增长的退休阶层和决定生育的人来说都是重要的。

他表示,如果人口减少势头得不到控制,那么主要的能源消费量也将下降,这也将对俄罗斯对华出口造成负面影响。

未婚女性面临生育难题

另据德国之声电台网站11月28日报道,中国的单身女性不仅被冠以“剩女”的外号,也没有生育的权力。虽然北京全面放开二孩,但那些希望借助辅助生殖技术生孩子的同性恋群体仍然无计可施。

中国计生委规定,只有已婚妇女提供结婚证和出生许可才能生孩子。有活动人士表示,社会普遍的传统观念只接受一男一女两人组的一对夫妻。从这个角度出发,没有其他婚姻形式的存在。活动人士还指出,婚前性行为依然在社会上受到歧视,在这个背景下,对许多人来说,婚前生育是一个更为敏感的话题。

俄罗斯卫星网记者米哈伊尔·克洛斯基科夫称,目前,在中国大多数省份,未婚生育的女子需要缴纳数额不等的罚款。另外,体外受精问题也不乐观,如果男女双方未结婚,那么在中国要做这件事情几乎是不可能的。因此,他们不得不去泰国或者美国。

但对于不那么富有的单身女性马女士来说,未来仍然相当严峻。她表示:“我不能去其他的国家,我也非常确定未来不会和一名男子结婚,因为我是同性恋,我没有机会有一个自己的孩子。

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