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全国人大发布香港基本法释法说明

2016-11-07 10:51:31   新华网

需要特别说明的是,在香港宣扬和推动“港独”,属于香港基本法第二十三条明确规定禁止的分裂国家行为,从根本上违反香港基本法第一条关于“香港特别行政区是中华人民共和国不可分离的部分”、第十二条关于“香港特别行政区是中华人民共和国的一个享有高度自治权的地方行政区域,直辖于中央人民政府”等规定。宣扬“港独”的人不仅没有参选及担任立法会议员的资格,而且应依法追究其法律责任。

二、关于香港基本法第一百零四条规定的“就职时必须依法宣誓”的含义

香港基本法第一百零四条规定有关公职人员“就职时必须依法宣誓”。按照法律规定及其实践,这一规定至少具有四个层次的含义:第一,宣誓是该条规定的有关公职人员就职的法定条件和必经程序,未依照法定程序进行合法有效宣誓或者拒绝宣誓,有关公职人员不得就职,从而也不得行使相应的职权和享受相应的待遇。第二,宣誓是一项庄严的声明,必须符合法定的形式和内容要求,即宣誓人的行为方式必须真诚、庄重,在宣誓内容上必须按照法律规定的誓言准确、完整、庄重地进行宣誓。第三,如果宣誓人拒绝宣誓,即丧失就任基本法第一百零四条所列相应公职的资格。宣誓人故意以行为、语言、服饰、道具等方式违反、亵渎宣誓程序和仪式,或者故意改动、歪曲法定誓言或者宣读与法定誓言不一致的誓言,也应认定该宣誓行为不符合宣誓的形式或实质要求,从而宣誓无效,宣誓人即丧失就任资格。至于不是出于宣誓人的故意而出现的不符合规范的情况,可允许宣誓人进行再次宣誓。第四,宣誓必须有监誓的安排。监誓人负有确保宣誓合法进行的责任,相应地也具有对宣誓是否有效作出决定的权力。对故意违反宣誓要求者,不得为其重新安排宣誓。为此,本解释(草案)第二条规定:“《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》第一百零四条规定相关公职人员‘就职时必须依法宣誓’,具有以下含义:(一)宣誓是该条所列公职人员就职的法定条件和必经程序。未进行合法有效宣誓或者拒绝宣誓,不得就任相应公职,不得行使相应职权和享受相应待遇。(二)宣誓必须符合法定的形式和内容要求。宣誓人必须真诚、庄重地进行宣誓,必须准确、完整、庄重地宣读包括‘拥护中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法,效忠中华人民共和国香港特别行政区’内容的法定誓言。(三)宣誓人拒绝宣誓,即丧失就任该条所列相应公职的资格。宣誓人故意宣读与法定誓言不一致的誓言或者以任何不真诚、不庄重的方式宣誓,也属于拒绝宣誓,所作宣誓无效,宣誓人即丧失就任该条所列相应公职的资格。(四)宣誓必须在法律规定的监誓人面前进行。监誓人负有确保宣誓合法进行的责任,对符合本解释和香港特别行政区法律规定的宣誓,应确定为有效宣誓;对不符合本解释和香港特别行政区法律规定的宣誓,应确定为无效宣誓,并不得重新安排宣誓。”

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