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杜特尔特称菲渔民将很快到黄岩岛捕鱼 中方回应

2016-10-25 07:16:36   外交部网站

延伸阅读:中菲重新拥抱,外界放过南海吧

中国国家主席习近平及多位中国领导人20日分别会见到访的菲律宾总统杜特尔特,两国元首还共同见证了13项中菲合作文件的签署,这些文件涉及促进中国人赴菲旅游、恢复菲水果向中国出口、中国企业参加菲基础设施建设、双方恢复包括防务安全磋商等一系列官方交流等等。中菲关系掀开了全面恢复友好合作的新一页。

两国的南海领土争议看上去被搁置了,替代它的是两国间价值数十亿美元的大量务实合作安排,中国将成为菲律宾基础设施建设最重要的投资者之一。不久之前还被广泛认为是死结的南海争端出现戏剧性突破,南海形势似在迎来全新的面貌。

中菲实现平等、坚决的握手,这应当是周边及整个亚太欢天喜地的时刻,因为南海上最令人担心的一个火药桶熄灭了。然而从华盛顿到东京,再到新加坡,官员和战略家们或者在沉默,或者在说酸溜溜的话。一些主流媒体则冷嘲热讽,预测中菲重新因为南海问题走向对立的那一天“何时到来”。

这确是让人担忧和不安的。也就是说,南海声索国之间争议的那点事被不相干或者不怎么相干的力量过度利用、操作了,形成了附着在南海争议上的巨大外部利益链。它们习惯了中菲对立,甚至依赖上了它,因而很想维持、进一步搅动这种对立。如今中菲突然握手,它们成了转不过弯来的失落者。

那么那些力量会就此作罢,改为追逐南海上的新风向,拿出此前鼓动菲律宾同中国闹的那股劲,来帮着加固中菲之间的和解吗?

很多人担心美日不会这样做。菲律宾已经公开宣布停止与美联合巡航和军演,马尼拉认为它并没有受到来自中国被外界所指的那些威胁。但是美国国防部不久前还在否认收到停止联巡联演的正式告知,强行要“继续履行对菲安全承诺”。舆论不断猜测美国会向杜特尔特政府施压,怀疑美会采取行动“搞掉他”。杜特尔特很快将去访问日本,舆论分析东京届时会想方设法“做他的工作”。

事实证明,南海问题被国际力量严重扭曲、搞大了,美日在这里搞出的大国政治就像不断加码的金融杠杆,它们成了南海小纠纷衍生出来的大风险,把与南海有关或无关的力量都拉了进去。为避免南海的“次贷危机”,需要美日等国主动去杠杆,在菲律宾下决心转向“务实”而不再跟着“玩虚”之后,它们有义务为了亚太的真正福祉这样做。

新加坡前一段宣扬东盟国家“私底下”都就南海批评中国,菲律宾的行动一定让它尴尬了。我们不想臆测新加坡在有意撒谎,就当是它误读了一些东盟国家的态度吧。

现在或许是说“俱往矣”的恰当时候。过去的都让它过去,大家各自重新设置立场和态度,共建一个和平、合作、有能力消化各种纠纷的南海新地缘环境最为重要。对立可以搞出一些利益,合作与繁荣能够创造的利益肯定更多。

最重要的是美国怎么做。新加坡那么小,它是离争议区最近的非声索国,应该是最希望南海风平浪静的,但它前段跳得比较高,显然受了美国牵制和操纵。美国不变,南海的持久稳定实现不了。菲律宾不玩了,它会下力气撬动其他国家,寻找区域内“新的菲律宾”。

美国对世界的领导应当开创建设性的方式,“离岸平衡”也需要在挑拨离间之外开拓新的杠杆和维度。中美都不能掉进对抗思维,那样的话会毁掉21世纪。北京反复主张中美新型大国关系,华盛顿还是应当听进去,认真考量。

责任编辑:柯旺 CN044、周晶晶 CN032
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