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多名原兰州交大博文学院教师曾因患病遭校方开除

2016-08-25 09:52:37   中国青年报

在一些媒体报道中,孙淑云观察到一个现象:在刘伶利的案件中,从劳动仲裁到法院一审再到二审,走完整个程序需要一年多的时间。直到刘伶利去世时,学校都没有履行判决。

“刘伶利经历了这么长的诉讼,医保和工资都没有了。本来在诉讼之前可以试着先向法院申请先予执行劳动报酬。”她说,走法律途径注定花费的时间比较长,“可以向民政部门提起社会救助申请”。

孙淑云说:“现在有很多慈善机构,还可以通过慈善救助来募捐。实在没有办法,向媒体求助也是可以的,这些都有法律依据。”

遇到疾病后劳动者能得到哪些补偿

中国青年报·中青在线记者采访了北京义联劳动法援助与研究中心主任黄乐平:“如果职工因病死亡的话,各地的标准不同,以北京为例,丧葬补助金大概在1万多元。还有养老保险金个人的缴纳部分,每个月工资的8%左右,由家属代为继承。这些钱与用人单位没有直接关系,由社会保障部门支付。”

他提出,如果刘伶利还活着的话,这些学校解除劳动关系有两种情况,一种是正常的劳动合同到期,不再续聘的话,在这个单位几年的工龄可以补助几个月的工资。如果是违法解除劳动合同的话,补助是前者的两倍。这部分钱,应当由学校来补偿。

黄乐平表示,刘伶利的案件中,学校将她“开除”之后,停止缴纳了医保,她的家属给她买了居民医保,报销的比例不如前者。因此,按照规定,学校医保与居民医保产生的报销差额部分,应该由学校来承担。

类似的案件中,家属是否可以要求精神损害赔偿?

黄乐平解释:“这个不是劳动法的概念了,学校这么恶劣的行为,对她的家属造成了一种精神伤害,家属可以提起诉讼主张这一项权利。但从司法实践上来看,得到支持的概率非常低。我国相应的民事法中规定,劳动侵权可以获得精神赔偿的情形主要限于工伤,即使获得法院支持,家属也很难获得很高的赔偿。”

员工生病后企业是否意味着“养职工”一辈子

北京市兰台律师事务所劳动法律事务部主管律师程阳介绍:“在医疗期内,企业不得依据劳动合同法第四十条、第四十一条的规定与劳动者解除劳动关系,企业要给劳动者发不低于当地最低工资标准的80%的工资。”

在《企业职工患病或非因工负伤医疗期规定》中,医疗期是指企业职工因患病或非因工负伤停止工作治病休息不得解除劳动合同的时限。企业职工因患病或非因工负伤,需要停止工作医疗时,根据本人实际参加工作年限和在本单位工作年限,给予三个月到二十四个月的医疗期。

她表示,在医疗期之后,企业要和劳动者解除劳动关系,一方面企业需要证明劳动者不能从事原工作,也不能从事由企业另行安排的工作,另一方面在解除劳动关系这一过程中,企业需要给劳动者一定的补偿。

“不得不承认,在医疗期内,企业的负担还是蛮重的,所付出的不止最低工资的80%。”程阳直言。

她举例说:“比如,一名北京员工的工资是8000元,如果在医疗期内,工资按照北京最低工资标准1890元的80%发放。除此之外,企业还要缴纳员工的社保和公积金,这部分按照上一年的平均工资来算,这部分算下来大概是8000元的30%,超过了给员工发放的医疗期内工资。”

程阳说:“我们应该进行全方位的反思,比如医疗期的制度是1995年出台的,现在的情况与20多年前的情况有很大的差别。”

她认为还存在另外的问题:“在刘伶利的治疗过程中,从兰州到北京看病,由于医保中异地报销、报销比例受限,很多项目报销不了。”

程阳还提出:“医保应该有所改进,遇到一些特殊的疾病,除了医药费用可以报销之外,是不是可以考虑报销误工费呢?”

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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