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浙江余姚将用德国"防洪神器"防洪 总价达两千万

2016-07-08 13:04:28   澎湃新闻网

这种防洪挡板在德国叫做“Spundwand”

这两天,“德国防洪神器”与台风、暴雨一同席卷朋友圈。相关微信文章介绍,这种“防洪神器”是成组的金属挡板,在三年前欧洲中部的的洪水中,高出路面一截的金属板挡住了原本倒灌的洪水。

宁波余姚市也将有类似“防洪神器”。7月7日,记者在姚江边看到,搭建挡板的混凝土墙已经建好。相关负责人表示,材料到位后,一旦汛情紧急可以马上安装挡板。

三年前的“菲特”台风,曾使余姚成为浙江受灾最重的地区之一。在今年第一号台风“尼伯特”到来前,位于余姚中学西侧的姚江边多了一道半米高的混凝土墙。

余姚市流域防洪工程建设指挥部工程科一科科长张胜军告诉记者,这面墙已达到3.63米防洪高程,一般情况下,汛情不会超过这个高度。如汛情紧急,还可以在墙体上临时搭建组合式挡板。

这种组合式挡板就是“防洪神器”。“每块宽20厘米、厚12厘米、长3米,每三米一组、每组三块横向叠加。也就是说,20厘米乘以3再加3.63米,能达到4.23米的防洪高程。”张胜军说。

记者在墙的顶部看到,每隔3米就有4个浇筑在墙体内部的螺母样装置。据张胜军介绍,这些螺母装置是用来安装挡板的。按规划,余姚将分段建设这样的组合式挡板防洪墙,总长4.6公里。

张胜军透露,余姚这次使用的组合式挡板,最关键的材料出自德国蒂森克虏伯公司。按单价每平方米5000多元、4.6公里长折合4000平方米左右的面积计算,总价在2000万元左右。

组合式挡板防护墙是余姚市姚江城区段堤防加固工程(二期)中的一套应用方案。目前,挡板安装需要的基础设施基本完工,德国进口的挡板也将到货。“一旦挡板到位,工作人员经培训后能马上操作。”张胜军说,最短能在12小时内安装完毕。他表示,对即将到来的“尼伯特”,已建成的混凝土挡墙具备防洪能力,还准备了沙袋、木板等。

“欧洲的这个‘神器’,用专业术语说就是移动防洪墙。”浙江省水利厅专家朱法君说,其优点是通透性好、抗压能力强、不影响景观,安装、拆卸方便。但也有缺点,如挡板必须安装在平整的钢筋水泥堤坝上,造价很高,一般只在一段距离内安装。

朱法君告诉记者,这种抗洪模式,浙江余姚、兰溪等地都有尝试。兰溪市1日在全国首创一套升降式城防系统,是在地下停车库入口处镶嵌几个螺旋孔,立起几根柱子,铝合金板通过柱子中间的凹槽一块块叠起来,完成防洪墙组装。不用时,柱子和挡板可以收起,用时安装。

“这种模式能抵挡1米多的洪水,且管理方便,可以解决城市地下系统尤其是停车库的内涝,浙江正在探索这种防洪模式。”朱法君说。

不过,朱法君表示,欧洲这种防洪模式现阶段很难推广。一方面和技术有关,采用的是新型材料,刚度、强度很好,薄薄一块板,一米要承受4.5吨洪水的压强,广泛应用还需技术攻关。另一方面和资金有关。

责任编辑:翟明 CN040
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