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中石化人士曝“超级汽油”研发成功:能省油30%

2016-06-25 10:29:12   新京报

另一方面,外国也在研发我们的汽油新产品和新型汽油机技术。沙特阿拉伯阿美石油公司2015年开始研究这项技术和产品,计划2017年开始产业化推广应用这项产品和技术,2019年全面推广应用这项产品和技术。最近听说,日本马自达汽车公司也开始研发压燃式低辛烷值汽油发动机汽车了。

所有说,这项技术的可行性和可靠性是没有问题的。我们最坏的打算是等外国开始推广应用这项产品和技术后,国内再开始应用。

公司秘闻:过去几年,两桶油旗下炼化板块经营效益并不佳,但现在盈利丰厚,这是因为低油价导致成本降低?

周向进:当原油价格处于下降通道的时候,炼化产业基本都是亏损的。原因主要有两个。

首先,从价格角度看,由于原油从采购、运输到加工有一个月时间的滞后,原油进入下行通道的时候,企业使用的是一个月前采购的原油,但销售的价格是根据一个月后的当前的成品油价格,而后者正是根据一个月后的当前的原油价格制定的,这就等于是用贵的原料生产价格低的产品,当然会亏损。

第二,从市场角度看,原油价格下降通道的时候,成品油流通领域的企业会采取零库存的方法,尽量降低库存减少现货采购,加剧了供过于求的状况,使得成品油市场疲软,导致原油进一步下跌。

目前来看,原油已经进入上升通道,成品油流通领域的企业就会尽可能进行囤积,从而加剧供不应求。今年一季度,中石油和中石化炼化板块的业绩都不错,主要就因为原油价格往上走。流通企业通常买涨不买跌,这样的采购行为反映到市场上,就导致市场继续上涨,某种程度上会推动原油价格继续上涨。

公司秘闻:拥有全产业链,中石化今年一季度在业绩上得以继续大幅盈利,而其他企业则由于产业链不健全而遭遇业绩大下滑。请问全产业链布局这一经验是否有普遍性?

周向进:拥有完整的产业链,对企业稳定效益是有好处的。产业链延长,抗风险能力更强,上下游可以互补,原料和产品在内部互供,从而有助于资源优化、成本降低。

从企业自身来说,主观上都希望向上游拓展。比如民营企业,一开始做纺织,后来做化纤纺丝,接着做聚酯、PTA,后来又做PTA的上游PX,现在做到了炼油,未来不排除去开采石油天然气的可能性。

对于某一个具体企业来说,能不能这样做,要取决于三大因素,第一,资金够不够多;第二,技术水平和人才资源怎样;第三,企业家有没有决心。

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