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国务院宣布:又一批“三不”红头文件失效

2016-06-17 21:41:02   中国政府网

6月15日的国务院常务会议决定,在前期已宣布失效489件的基础上,经严格审核,再宣布失效并停止执行506件国务院文件。“筛查”标准为:不符合现行法律法规或没有法律法规依据的;不适应经济发展需要,严重束缚企业生产经营和管理活动的;设立的审批事项已取消或下放,或不同文件对同一事项重复要求、规定不一致的。

这样的标准可谓精准,即“三不”——与现行法律法规不一致、不利于办事创业、不适应经济社会发展需要。

除旧布新,这是政府完善自身改革、保持生机的重要机制。国务院的政策性文件,俗称“红头”文件,具有作为行政管理依据的权威性。此次宣布失效的这批文件,不可否认,都曾在当时发挥过应有的作用;但新时期、新形势下,面对新经济、新动能发展的迅猛势头,则显出上述“三不”的弊端,亟需革除。而现实中,也确有一些地方和部门仍将其作为施政的重要依据,甚至是搪塞、推诿企业和群众的“挡箭牌”。这势必影响大众创业、万众创新的积极性,阻碍市场潜力、社会活力的充分发挥。简除烦苛,这就是烦苛!

李克强总理近期连续释放信号,显然是把降低我国经济运行中的制度性交易成本作为当前要啃下的一块改革“硬骨头”。而上述过时的“红头”文件当中诸多的不合理规定,从施政效果上看,已经不利于稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生;从经济学原理看,便是增加了整个社会的制度性交易成本。所以说,降成本要动根本,动根本就在于简政放权、放管结合、优化服务,在于不断建设完善法治政府。

当天常务会要求各地区、各部门都要抓紧清理和废止不利于稳、促、调、惠的政策文件。会议还部署了清理规范工程建设领域保证金。根据清查,在工程建设领域除依法依规设立的农民工工资、投标、履约、工程质量4项保证金外,各地还设立了诚信、廉政、文明施工、道路卫生等24项保证金。毋庸讳言,既然“依法依规”的只有4项,那么其他这些名目繁多的保证金,其设立依据多半是各地区、各部门自己的“红头”文件,此次都在清理之列。

仅这一个领域的不合理文件,给企业造成多大负担?一算咂舌。清查显示,建筑业企业保证金总额约占营业收入的10%,且多以现金方式缴纳。2014年全国建筑业企业营收16.57万亿元,按此比例估算,当年全行业缴纳保证金约1.6万亿元。

值得注意的是,工程建设领域只是国务院此次选择的一个突破口。李克强明确要求,首先从工程建设领域入手,清理和规范“各方面”过多过繁的保证金。相应的措辞体现了总理的决心:除保留依法依规设立的4项外,其他保证金“一律”取消;未经国务院批准,各地区、各部门“不得”在工程建设领域新设保证金项目。

可以预期,这样的决心和举措,将扩展至除工程建设外的其他领域,以及除保证金外的其他名目。只要是束缚了企业的手脚和市场的活力,对不起,即便挂着“红头”,也不再是“保护伞”。精准除弊“三不”红头文件,一言以蔽之,即降低被这些不合理文件所抬高的制度性交易成本。(陈翰咏)

责任编辑:李皓 CN002
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