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2016年山东高考语文试题及答案

2016-06-07 19:58:00   齐鲁晚报

A.①B.②C.③D.④

4.下列各句中,加点的成语使用正确的一项是

A.旅游业已成为当地经济发展的支柱产业,这里巧夺天工的自然美景闻名天下,每年都吸引大量游客前来观赏。

B.持续多日的强降雨导致部分地区山洪暴发,农田被淹,房屋倒塌,灾情扣人心弦,相关部门正全力以赴组织救灾。

C.两位多年未见的战友在火车上意外相逢,他们一见如故,回忆起一同出生入死的战斗经历,不禁感慨万千。

D.没有强大的创新设计、生产制造能力,国家实力的提升就无从谈起,民族复兴的宏伟蓝图也只能是空中楼阁。

5.下列各句中,没有语病、句意明确的一项是

A.从意外致残、生活无望到残奥会夺冠,并获得“中国青年五四奖章”,他走出了一条不平凡的人生道路。

B.该型飞机在运营成本上是其他同级别机型的1.3至2倍,优势明显;在商载、航程、航速等方面也极具竞争力。

C.学校宿舍、教学楼等人群密集区,一旦发生火灾,后果不堪设想,因此学生掌握火灾中自救互救相当重要。

D.央视《大国工匠》系列节目反响巨大,工匠们精益求精、无私奉献的精神引发了人们广泛而热烈的讨论和思考。

二、(每小题3分,共9分)

阅读下面的文字,完成6~8题。

唐人古体

古体诗,亦名古诗、古风或往体诗,指的是产生于唐以前并和唐代新出现的近体诗(又今体诗)相对的一种试体。它的特点是格律限制不太严格,篇幅可长可短,押韵比较自由灵活,不必拘守对偶、声律,有四言、五言、七言、杂言等多种形式。不过唐人的古体以五言、七言为主,杂言也多以七言为主体。

五七言古诗自汉魏以来已经有了悠久的传统,至唐代又发生了新变。唐代社会生活领域的扩展和人的思想感情的复杂化,要求诗歌作品在表现范围上有较大的开拓,加上篇幅短小、格律严整的近体诗走向定型化,更促使这种少受时空限制的古诗朝着发挥自己特长的道路迈进。一般说来,较之魏晋六朝诗歌大多局限于比较单纯的抒情写景,唐人的古诗则趋向笔力驰骋、气象峥嵘、边幅开阔、语言明畅,不仅抒写波澜起伏的情感心理活动,还直接叙述事件,刻画人物,铺捧场景,发生议论,使诗歌表情达意的功能得到空前的发挥。唐代诗人中也有接近于汉魏古诗含蓄淳厚作风的,如王、孟、韦、柳,但较为少见。不构成唐人古诗的主流。另外,在音节上,唐代古诗受今体诗的影响,或则吸取声律的和谐与对仗的工整,或则有意走上反律化的途径,皆不同于晋、宋以前诗歌韵调的纯任自然。所以明代格调论者以唐人古诗为汉魏以来古诗的“变体”,并不算错。只是他们从伸正黜变、荣古虐今的传统观念出发,贬抑唐人古诗的成就,甚至宣言“唐无五言古诗”(李攀龙《唐选诗序》),那就太过分了。清王士禛《古诗选》在五言古诗部分选了一百多位汉魏六朝作家的作品,于唐人只取陈于昂、张九龄、李白、韦应物、柳宗元五家,还说是“四唐古诗之望,可以略暗焉”(《古诗选.五言诗凡例》),显示出同一偏见。倒是明末许学灵在《》中强调指出“唐人五古自有唐体”,它以敷陈充畅为特色,不能拿汉魏古诗委婉含蓄的作风来硬加绳尺,可谓通达之见。

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