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多地景区门票乱涨价 成地方政府"提款机"

2016-02-16 09:50:35   新华网

——门票收入占比仍然过高。

尽管近年来国内旅游景点收入中,门票收入占比总体保持下降,然而比重仍高,大多数景区未来盈利增长预期均指向门票,多数5A级景区门票收入占比超过40%,其中最高的超过80%。

北京旅游学会副秘书长刘思敏表示,景区运营收入构成中门票“一家独大”局面未有改观,尤其是不少观光型景区更是完全依赖门票收入,加上门票业务毛利率高,门票价格上涨对于增加景区运营收益能起到“立竿见影”效果,因而门票上涨冲动强烈。

——景区门票收入成地方政府“提款机”。

那么景区门票收入都去哪儿了?记者从峨眉山旅游公司公布数据中发现,景区游山门票收入在扣除相关税费等成本后的50%需支付给峨眉山管委会,仅2015年上半年,峨眉山旅游公司的1.8亿多元游山门票中,要支付给管委会的分成款就超过7000万元,此外还有新农村建设专项资金和风景区专项资金两项供给超过900万元。

海南省旅游协会秘书长王健生坦言,国内一些景区门票收入往往变成个别地方政府的“提款机”,对门票涨价能否有效监管,肯定是睁一只眼闭一只眼。

——产权不明,收支“任性”。

由于景区产权不明,门票收支、管理混乱。发改委此次检查便发现,以浙江杭州灵隐寺为例,游客参观灵隐寺需要购买两次门票,只因去灵隐寺需要先经过飞来峰景区,而飞来峰和灵隐寺分别属于市政园林部门和宗教团体,财政关系不同,无法合并售票。

专家介绍,由于目前国内尚未有专门就门票收入使用范围进行约定的法规性文件,因此门票收入支出方面较为随意。不少政府部门往往以资源使用费、基础建设费等名义分走相当比例的门票收入,也导致监管意愿不强。安徽省一家5A景区内部人士透露,由于景区运营公司归属景区管委会,而管委会属于自收自支事业单位,“管委会每年需要多少经费,便从这里拿多少,也没固定比例”。

乱涨价“与民争利”,明确产权“分类管理”

业内人士指出,类似迪士尼、海洋馆等社会资本投资建设的主题公园和景区,价格涨跌由市场决定不存在问题。但我国当前大部分景区都是圈占风景名胜、文化遗产等公共资源的旅游资源,因此门票价格构成应是运营成本加合理利润。这些具有公共产品性质的门票价格,调整过频、涨幅过高,无疑是“与民争利”,必须打击这种乱涨价和价格欺诈行为,改变靠自然景观“吃饭”的局面。

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