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上海政协委员:汽车单双号限行应纳入重污染预案

2016-01-26 08:12:26   澎湃


流动源尤其是机动车的排放不能小觑。

春节未到,上海在这个冬季已经发布7次霾黄色预警,与上一个冬季整个季节持平。1月24日,正在参加上海两会的市政协常委屠海鸣告诉澎湃新闻,在上海本地污染的流动源中,机动车占比达1/3,“应该尽快出台空气重污染天气下‘实施单双号限行’等限制部分小汽车使用的临时性措施,并纳入到空气重污染应急预案中。”

上海去年PM2.5年均浓度超标51.4%

根据上海市环保部门公布的数据,全市2013年全年共有124个污染日,其中重度污染21天,严重污染2天;2014年全年污染天为84天,其中重度污染天数为4天,没有严重污染;2015年全年污染天数为107天,其中重度污染8天。

根据上海市环保局近日公布的相关数据,与国家环境空气质量年均二级标准相比,2015年,上海市大气中PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2等四项主要指标中,两项达标,两项超标。SO2、PM10年均浓度分别低于标准71.7%和1.4%,PM2.5、NO2分别高出标准51.4%和15.0%

尽管从PM2.5年均浓度来看,近三年基本呈下降趋势,2013年为62微克/立方米、2014年为52微克/立方米、2015年为53微克/立方米,但距离国家标准仍距离较大。

1月24日,上海市环保局局长张全在接受澎湃新闻采访时表示,PM2.5除了与本地排放有关,还涉及到一些物质转化和其它地域的输送,形成的过程相对更复杂,治理的难度相对较大,它涉及到流动源、工业、建筑业等多个领域,包括支持新能源车发展、淘汰落后产能、推进绿色建筑等,需要共同努力。

PM2.5流动源中机动车排放占1/3

在这个冬季,面对重污染,上海已多次启动了临时管控措施,包括加强重点区域道路保洁和乱设摊整治、落实各类防尘措施基础上,在外环线以内区域和郊区区政府所在地暂停建筑构件破拆、建设工地脚手架拆除、房屋拆除、土石方工程、道路开挖、路面铣刨加罩等作业。

但上海市政协常委屠海鸣告诉澎湃新闻,启动临时管控措施不能仅仅盯着工业企业、工地扬尘、渣土车等“大户”,流动源尤其是机动车的排放不能小觑。

根据上海市环保局公布的2012-2013年上海大气PM2.5来源解析结果,屠海鸣表示,在上海本地排放源中,机动车、轮船、飞机、非道路移动机械等流动源占29.2%,工业生产占28.9%,燃煤占13.5%,扬尘占13.4%,另有农业生产、生物质燃烧、民用生活面源及自然源等其他源类占15%。其中,在流动源中,机动车的污染排放贡献占比达1/3。

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