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亚洲四代机只有中国靠谱 日韩印或在自娱自乐

2015-12-02 10:55:57   环球网

歼-20战机

【环球军事报道记者刘昆】从印巴边境到澳大利亚,再到中国与邻国在南海和东海的争端,整个亚太地区的紧张局势正在加剧,各国都在增加军事预算,在这种情况下,有力和可靠的空中力量是威慑能力的重要组成部分,以中国、日本、韩国、印度为首的国家正在加紧研发四代机,那么在未来的太空中,谁会笑到最后呢?

据日本“外交学者”网站12月1日报道,军用飞机目前正在更新换代,冷战之后,天空一直被“三代机”所控制,这些战机构成了世界几乎所有现代空军的骨干力量。然而,有几个拥有大笔军费和研究投入的国家正试图研制“四代机”。

文章称,美国在四代机领域一直保持领先,虽然关于四代机的标准仍然有争议,但是多数意见认为,目前只有F-22战斗机是真正意义上的四代机,该机受严格保密,甚至美国的亲密盟友也无法购买。美国另一款四代机F-35预计将出口盟国,然而该机仍在陷在延期、超预算以及技术故障的泥潭中。

中国

文章称,中国目前正在研发两款四代机,包括成飞的“中国版F-22”——歼-20和沈飞的“中国版F-35”——歼-31。据推测,歼-20是一款空优战斗机,与其他许多中国战机一样,歼-20依然受到发动机的困扰,目前还不清楚该机未来装备哪种发动机,目前应该是国产WS-10或俄制AL-31F。中国正为歼-20专门研发WS-15发动机,但还不清楚何时能成功。据猜测,中国还将对俄制苏-35战机配备的117S发动机进行逆向仿制,将其安装在歼-20上。据中国军方的消息,歼-20将在2018年投入运行,但日媒认为,这种说法令人怀疑并且可能过于乐观了。

中国的另一款对应F-35的四代机歼-31同样受严格保密,但是可以推测该机的主要作战目的是为近距空中支援提供强大的防御能力,还可用于空中打击以及空中封锁,除此之外,歼-31还可用于压制敌方防空系统,未来还可能成为中国航母的舰载机。预计该机将在2020年初步形成作战能力。与F-35一样,中国希望出口该战机,但是与F-35不同的是,歼-31目前还未找到买家。

文章称,部分美国人认为,歼-20和歼-31部分设计抄袭美国F-35战机,美国参议员乔-曼钦(JoeManchin)称:“如果没有经过任何研发过程,中国人能在这么短的时间干出啥?(如果不是抄袭美国)你相信他们能获得竞争优势吗?”

“心神”验证机

日本

日本也在开发自己的四代机以替换老旧的F-15战斗机,在美国拒绝出售F-22之后,日本启动了“ATD-X‘心神’(即F-3)”项目,但是,ATD-X在2020年代末才能投入现役,与此同时,日本还订购了42架F-35战机,可能是充当F-15和ATD-X之间的过渡,据猜测,ATD-X将吸收部分F-35的隐身技术。

如果该机研发完成,F-3将具备一些尖端技术,包括有源相控阵雷达、电子对抗甚至微波武器。“心神”还计划用光纤替代电缆传递数据,传输数据更快而且能够避免电磁干扰。此外,日本四代机还具备所谓的“自我修复能力”,能够在飞行控制面探测故障并校准以保持飞机可控飞行。

责任编辑:翟明 CN040
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