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为啥全世界的飞行员都想跳槽到中国来开飞机?

2017-09-14 15:26:14   瞭望智库

发达国家航空业虽遭遇挫折,但总的来说也需要发展,对于飞行员的总体需求也是硬性的,都来了中国,自己就不够用了。

4,破解:如何满足飞行人才需求?

飞行员日渐稀缺,成为各国航企争夺的人才目标,飞行员有了更多的自主选择权。然而,借助市场机制调节飞行员的基本流向,不可能从根本上解决人才短缺问题。

为此,世界各国都在积极寻求解决办法。

一是先解燃眉之急,采取多种措施防止飞行员非正常流失。

为了控制战斗机飞行员流失,美国空军不惜重金——请求国会拨款,把每年的奖金提高到4万8千美元,这是1999年以来第一次提高奖金数额。

俄航总经理萨维利耶夫称,为挽留人才,公司已第5次涨工资了。目前,机长收入约47万卢布(注:1元人民币合8.3卢布)、副机长32万-35万卢布、教官在50万卢布以上。航空公司用奖金来鼓励在国外工作的机长回国。但是,在飞行员眼中,这些激励措施没有什么吸引力。

韩国飞行员的集体“跳槽”引起了官方注意。为此,韩国政府和国内多家航空公司高层人士已经召开会议,就培养飞行人才、防止飞行员流失等共商计策。

二是挖掘现有潜力,以弥补飞行员不足的缺口。

例如,日本采取延长飞行员飞行年限的方式来弥补飞行员数量的不足。日本国土交通省宣布将现役飞行员退休年龄由64岁提高至67岁。但是,鉴于65岁以上的飞行员容易出现健康方面的问题,国土交通省在修改标准中增加了飞行员健康诊断项目。另外,飞行时间上限也缩减为原来的80%。同时还规定由不满60岁的飞行员陪高龄飞行员一起飞。

三是加强国际间合作,建立以市场需求为导向的飞行人才培训机制。

正如波音飞行服务副总裁Sherry Carbary所说,“这是一个全球问题,只能由所有的参与者,包括全球的航空公司、飞行和训练设备制造商、培训机构、监管机构和教育机构来共同完成。”

加强国际合作,建立完善的教育/培训/监督机构以及以市场为导向的人才输送机制,是满足未来飞行人才需求的必然选择。

四是在加强国际合作的基础上,建立起完善的飞行人才教育、培训、输送、引进体系和机制。

我们不仅要满足本国需求,而且还要适应国际市场,向世界各国输送飞行人才。

目前,中国有5.05万名飞行员。波音公司预测,在未来20年内,中国的航空公司每年都要新雇5500名飞行员才能满足民航业需求。也就是说,每周都要有100多位新人入职才行。

这样,无论是靠现有的培训机构培养还是靠引进外籍人才,都无法满足快速发展的民航市场的需要。因此,必须要建立起持续稳定的飞行人才输送机制。

现阶段,民航的主力机型是波音和空客,要通过加强国际合作来加速本国飞行员的改装培训。

随着我国自主研制的C919、ARJ21、运20、AG600等大型飞机走向国内和国际市场,各类航空专业人员及飞行人才培训也必须要跟上进度。

因此,从现在起,我们就要必须要以国际化视野构建布局未来的飞行人才培养机制,进而最大程度地满足国内外航空市场对飞行人才的需求。

责任编辑:高宗影 CN060
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