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为啥全世界的飞行员都想跳槽到中国来开飞机?

2017-09-14 15:26:14   瞭望智库

今年6月,阿拉斯加航空的地方子公司地平线航空,因为缺少飞行员,不得不取消了8、9月间的航班超过300架次——占到这两月定期航班总数的6%。

2016年,美国共和航空根据美国破产法第11章申请破产保护,部分原因是“缺少飞行员资源导致飞机停飞”。

那么,这些飞行员究竟去哪了呢?

2,成因:扩张导致供需失衡

从总体上看,行业发展带来的飞行员需求占60%,40%是由于人员自然流失以及退休原因。

发展中国家航空业的快速发展使得对于飞行员的需求水涨船高是造成飞行员短缺的一个重要原因。

国际航空协会(IATA)的数据显示,未来10年,全球旅客流量将从每年32亿人次上升至48亿人次,上升幅度高达50%。

近年来,以中国和印度为代表的亚太地区航空业发展迅速,庞大的客货机和飞行员需求在国际上占据越来越大的比重,仅飞行员的需求就占全球的1/3。

有资料显示,中国航空公司飞机数量超过2933架,而且,这一数量还在不断加大。

《2016年民航机场生产统计公报》数据显示,2016年,我国境内机场全年旅客吞吐量首次突破10亿人次,完成101635.7万人次,比上年增长11.1%。国内航线完成91401.7万人次,比上年增长10.3%;国际航线首次突破1亿人次,完成10234.0万人次,比上年增长19.3%。

从全球航空市场来看,我国已经跃升为仅次于美国的第二大航空市场,并且民航业整体保持10%左右的增速。

在过去5年,从客运量数字表现来看,美国的平均年增速在4%左右,欧洲在6%左右,中国则达到了10%。

分析人士预测,在未来20年,由于民航业迅速扩张,中国每年大约需要新增飞行员4000-5000名。

由于退休和自然流失造成的飞行员短缺问题同样不能小觑。

根据经济交易商科恩集团的报告,在未来10年间,活跃在美国几大航企的、超过42%的飞行员将退休——这一数字大约为22000人。

近年来,我国原有的几大航空公司快速发展,新航空公司数量不断增加,对于飞行员的需求呈持续上升趋势。

然而,由于国内行业飞行员培养体系不完善、培训能力滞后,而民航业持续的高速增长,尽管飞行员人数增幅不小,仍难以满足需求。

目前,我国仅有几大航空集团拥有较为健全的飞行员培训体系,但飞行员特别是机长仍然短缺,这也是引进外籍飞行机长的主要原因;

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