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金一南:中国的战略威慑不能仅靠“两弹一星”

2017-09-13 10:36:27   瞭望智库

(3)死伤3500万人,损失6000多亿美元的觉醒

有这么一句话:“直到列强不再把中国当作一个国家看待了,中国人才感觉到有组织一个现代国家的必要。”梁启超讲中国人对于国家的认识:“一曰对于一身而有国家,二曰对于朝廷而知有国家,三曰对于外族而有国家,四曰对于世界而知有国家。”中国人的国家观念,就是这么逐步演化的,是一步一步认识到的。

1895年,康有为“公车上书”,标志着封建士大夫阶层觉醒。这个阶层中的一些人已经开始认识到整个国家出了问题,必须加以解决。

1919年爆发的“五四运动”,则是中国知识分子的觉醒。走出书斋,走出象牙塔,投入到救国救民的洪流中去。

1937年的全民抗战,才是中华民族真正的全民族觉醒。日本侵略者占中国的地,杀中国的人,屠中国的城,对准整个中华民族,使这个民族第一次没有阶级之分、没有地域之隔、没有统治与被统治之嫌,“地无分南北,年无分老幼,无论何人,皆有守土抗战之责任,皆应抱定牺牲一切之决心”,真正超越了阶级、超越了民族、超越了地域、超越了统治与被统治,结成利益共同体、命运共同体。

我们对现代国家的认识,就是这样一步步走过来的。但是,这一过程的代价是极其巨大的。八年抗战,全国军民死伤3500万人,有形财产损失6000多亿美元,无形财产损失不计其数。在这一饱受苦难的进程中,民众觉悟程度和组织程度的进步,达到了前所未有的历史高度。

(4)近百年来的中华民族只有一个问题

没有最惨痛的沉沦,就没有最辉煌的崛起。中国共产党人给中华民族注入了现代国家的观念,让我们认识了什么叫作国家。

中国什么时候才算是一个国家。真正在最黑暗的时候,我们的民众才认识到我们是民族共同体,这点是我们付出重大代价才得出的结论。

东北抗联第一路军总司令杨靖宇,在极端困难的条件下坚持抵抗,决不投降,战斗到最后,只剩自己一个人。身边的人除去牺牲,就是叛变。叛徒程斌,抗联第一军第一师师长,杨靖宇最信任的人。1938年7月率部投敌,组成“程斌挺进队”,将杨靖宇在深山老林里的密营全部捣毁,把杨靖宇逼入绝境。叛徒张秀峰是军部警卫排长,这个父母双亡的孤儿,由杨靖宇抚养成人。1940年2月他带机密文件、枪支及抗联经费叛变投敌,向日军提供了杨靖宇的突围路线。他还是杨靖宇的贴身警卫,知道杨靖宇活动规律,他的叛变导致杨靖宇很快牺牲。叛徒张奚若,抗联第一军第一师特等机枪射手。叛变后在伪通化省警务厅长岸谷隆一郎的命令下,开枪射杀了杨靖宇。还有一个很难称为叛徒的人:蒙江县“保安村”村民赵廷喜,上山砍柴发现了杨靖宇。当时杨靖宇好几天没吃饭,棉鞋也跑丢一只,他对赵廷喜等几个村民说,下山帮我买几个馒头,再买双棉鞋,给你们钱,不要告诉日本人。赵廷喜张皇失措下山,很快就向日本人告发:杨靖宇在山上。

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